CONTEXT: Estimates of lifetime risk of suicide in mental disorders were based on selected samples with incomplete follow-up. OBJECTIVE: To estimate, in a national cohort, the absolute risk of suicide within 36 years after the first psychiatric contact. DESIGN: Prospective study of incident cases followed up for as long as 36 years. Median follow-up was 18 years. SETTING: Individual data drawn from Danish longitudinal registers. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 176,347 persons born from January 1, 1955, through December 31, 1991, were followed up from their first contact with secondary mental health services after 15 years of age until death, emigration, disappearance, or the end of 2006. For each participant, 5 matched control individuals were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Absolute risk of suicide in percentage of individuals up to 36 years after the first contact. RESULTS: Among men, the absolute risk of suicide (95% confidence interval [CI]) was highest for bipolar disorder, (7.77%; 6.01%-10.05%), followed by unipolar affective disorder (6.67%; 5.72%-7.78%) and schizophrenia (6.55%; 5.85%-7.34%). Among women, the highest risk was found among women with schizophrenia (4.91%; 95% CI, 4.03%-5.98%), followed by bipolar disorder (4.78%; 3.48%-6.56%). In the nonpsychiatric population, the risk was 0.72% (95% CI, 0.61%-0.86%) for men and 0.26% (0.20%-0.35%) for women. Comorbid substance abuse and comorbid unipolar affective disorder significantly increased the risk. The co-occurrence of deliberate self-harm increased the risk approximately 2-fold. Men with bipolar disorder and deliberate self-harm had the highest risk (17.08%; 95% CI, 11.19%-26.07%). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first analysis of the absolute risk of suicide in a total national cohort of individuals followed up from the first psychiatric contact, and it represents, to our knowledge, the hitherto largest sample with the longest and most complete follow-up. Our estimates are lower than those most often cited, but they are still substantial and indicate the continuous need for prevention of suicide among people with mental disorders.
CONTEXT: Estimates of lifetime risk of suicide in mental disorders were based on selected samples with incomplete follow-up. OBJECTIVE: To estimate, in a national cohort, the absolute risk of suicide within 36 years after the first psychiatric contact. DESIGN: Prospective study of incident cases followed up for as long as 36 years. Median follow-up was 18 years. SETTING: Individual data drawn from Danish longitudinal registers. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 176,347 persons born from January 1, 1955, through December 31, 1991, were followed up from their first contact with secondary mental health services after 15 years of age until death, emigration, disappearance, or the end of 2006. For each participant, 5 matched control individuals were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Absolute risk of suicide in percentage of individuals up to 36 years after the first contact. RESULTS: Among men, the absolute risk of suicide (95% confidence interval [CI]) was highest for bipolar disorder, (7.77%; 6.01%-10.05%), followed by unipolar affective disorder (6.67%; 5.72%-7.78%) and schizophrenia (6.55%; 5.85%-7.34%). Among women, the highest risk was found among women with schizophrenia (4.91%; 95% CI, 4.03%-5.98%), followed by bipolar disorder (4.78%; 3.48%-6.56%). In the nonpsychiatric population, the risk was 0.72% (95% CI, 0.61%-0.86%) for men and 0.26% (0.20%-0.35%) for women. Comorbid substance abuse and comorbid unipolar affective disorder significantly increased the risk. The co-occurrence of deliberate self-harm increased the risk approximately 2-fold. Men with bipolar disorder and deliberate self-harm had the highest risk (17.08%; 95% CI, 11.19%-26.07%). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first analysis of the absolute risk of suicide in a total national cohort of individuals followed up from the first psychiatric contact, and it represents, to our knowledge, the hitherto largest sample with the longest and most complete follow-up. Our estimates are lower than those most often cited, but they are still substantial and indicate the continuous need for prevention of suicide among people with mental disorders.
Authors: Jennifer M Boggs; Richard C Lindrooth; Catherine Battaglia; Arne Beck; Debra P Ritzwoller; Brian K Ahmedani; Rebecca C Rossom; Frances L Lynch; Christine Y Lu; Beth E Waitzfelder; Ashli A Owen-Smith; Gregory E Simon; Heather D Anderson Journal: Gen Hosp Psychiatry Date: 2019-11-17 Impact factor: 3.238
Authors: Anne Ranning; Michael E Benros; Anne A E Thorup; Kirstine Agnete Davidsen; Carsten Hjorthøj; Merete Nordentoft; Thomas Munk Laursen; Holger Sørensen Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2020-01-04 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Ayal Schaffer; Erkki T Isometsä; Jean-Michel Azorin; Frederick Cassidy; Tina Goldstein; Zoltán Rihmer; Mark Sinyor; Leonardo Tondo; Doris H Moreno; Gustavo Turecki; Catherine Reis; Lars Vedel Kessing; Kyooseob Ha; Abraham Weizman; Annette Beautrais; Yuan-Hwa Chou; Nancy Diazgranados; Anthony J Levitt; Carlos A Zarate; Lakshmi Yatham Journal: Aust N Z J Psychiatry Date: 2015-07-14 Impact factor: 5.744
Authors: Jason R Randall; Leslie L Roos; Lisa M Lix; Laurence Y Katz; James M Bolton Journal: Int J Methods Psychiatr Res Date: 2017-02-24 Impact factor: 4.035
Authors: Ingrid Melle; Jan Olav Johannesen; Ulrik H Haahr; Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad; Inge Joa; Johannes Langeveld; Tor K Larsen; Stein Ilner Opjordsmoen; Ping Qin; Jan Ivar Røssberg; Bjørn Rishovd Rund; Erik Simonsen; Per J W Vaglum; Thomas H McGlashan; Svein Friis Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2017-06 Impact factor: 49.548
Authors: Jason R Randall; Randy Walld; Greg Finlayson; Jitender Sareen; Patricia J Martens; James M Bolton Journal: Can J Psychiatry Date: 2014-10 Impact factor: 4.356
Authors: Ayal Schaffer; Erkki T Isometsä; Leonardo Tondo; Doris H Moreno; Mark Sinyor; Lars Vedel Kessing; Gustavo Turecki; Abraham Weizman; Jean-Michel Azorin; Kyooseob Ha; Catherine Reis; Frederick Cassidy; Tina Goldstein; Zoltán Rihmer; Annette Beautrais; Yuan-Hwa Chou; Nancy Diazgranados; Anthony J Levitt; Carlos A Zarate; Lakshmi Yatham Journal: Aust N Z J Psychiatry Date: 2015-07-16 Impact factor: 5.744