OBJECTIVE: We try to show the relevance of this rare pathology and to set its importance in the differential diagnosis of prostate masses. METHODS: We report a case and perform a search in the MEDLINE database of the series described up to the date. RESULTS: Prostatic leiomyoma is a extremely rare anatomopathological finding, though the appearance of a glandular hyperplasia with small areas of leiomyomatous growth is more common. Up to date there are just a hundred cases described. They are benign mesenchymal tumors without evidence of disease recurrence after surgery. When they present symptomatology, they emulate benign hyperplasia with urinary tract infections. Although it has benign nature, surgical intervention is indicated when severe clinical symptoms appear. CONCLUSIONS: The recognition of this benign entity and the distinction from other neoplasias has important therapeutic and prognostic implications. Imaging techniques and pathological analysis are crucial for this reason. When an unusual prostatic mass is detected, the leiomyoma must be included in the differential diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE: We try to show the relevance of this rare pathology and to set its importance in the differential diagnosis of prostate masses. METHODS: We report a case and perform a search in the MEDLINE database of the series described up to the date. RESULTS:Prostatic leiomyoma is a extremely rare anatomopathological finding, though the appearance of a glandular hyperplasia with small areas of leiomyomatous growth is more common. Up to date there are just a hundred cases described. They are benign mesenchymal tumors without evidence of disease recurrence after surgery. When they present symptomatology, they emulate benign hyperplasia with urinary tract infections. Although it has benign nature, surgical intervention is indicated when severe clinical symptoms appear. CONCLUSIONS: The recognition of this benign entity and the distinction from other neoplasias has important therapeutic and prognostic implications. Imaging techniques and pathological analysis are crucial for this reason. When an unusual prostatic mass is detected, the leiomyoma must be included in the differential diagnosis.