Dual-functional ZnO nanorod aggregates as scattering layer in the photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells.

A bilayered ZnO photoanode was constructed for dye-sensitized solar cells with a high conversion efficiency of 4.0%. One layer made of ZnO nanocrystallites increases dye adsorption, and the other consisting of ZnO nanorod aggregates provides a directed electron pathway for the electron transport together with a prominent aggregation-induced light scattering. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011