Electromyogram-based neural network control of transhumeral prostheses.

Upper-limb amputation can cause a great deal of functional impairment for patients, particularly for those with amputation at or above the elbow. Our long-term objective is to improve functional outcomes for patients with amputation by integrating a fully implanted electromyographic (EMG) recording system with a wireless telemetry system that communicates with the patient's prosthesis. We believe that this should generate a scheme that will allow patients to robustly control multiple degrees of freedom simultaneously. The goal of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of predicting dynamic arm movements (both flexion/extension and pronation/supination) based on EMG signals from a set of muscles that would likely be intact in patients with transhumeral amputation. We recorded movement kinematics and EMG signals from seven muscles during a variety of movements with different complexities. Time-delayed artificial neural networks were then trained offline to predict the measured arm trajectories based on features extracted from the measured EMG signals. We evaluated the relative effectiveness of various muscle subsets. Predicted movement trajectories had average root-mean-square errors of approximately 15.7° and 24.9° and average R(2) values of approximately 0.81 and 0.46 for elbow flexion/extension and forearm pronation/supination, respectively.