OBJECTIVES: Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid that is produced by several human commensal bacteria, such as Clostridium and Lactobacillus species. Butyrate is also known to inhibit histone deacetylase. In this study we assessed the antifungal activity of sodium butyrate (SB) against the human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Cryptococcus neoformans. METHODS: The growth and virulence traits of the yeasts were assayed in vitro and during interaction with macrophages in the presence of SB. RESULTS: SB strongly inhibited yeast growth in a concentration-dependent manner, inhibited virulence traits such as filamentation in C. albicans and melanization and capsule formation in C. neoformans and, importantly, significantly decreased yeast biofilm formation. SB also enhanced the antifungal activity of azole drugs. Notably, SB augmented the antifungal activity of macrophages by enhancing the production of reactive oxygen species. The phagocytic rate and killing activity of macrophages significantly increased in the presence of SB, which coincided with an increase in nitric oxide production. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that SB exerts significant antifungal activity on pathogenic yeasts and enhances the antimicrobial actions of macrophages in response to these microbes.
OBJECTIVES:Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid that is produced by several human commensal bacteria, such as Clostridium and Lactobacillus species. Butyrate is also known to inhibit histone deacetylase. In this study we assessed the antifungal activity of sodium butyrate (SB) against the human pathogenic yeastsCandida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Cryptococcus neoformans. METHODS: The growth and virulence traits of the yeasts were assayed in vitro and during interaction with macrophages in the presence of SB. RESULTS:SB strongly inhibited yeast growth in a concentration-dependent manner, inhibited virulence traits such as filamentation in C. albicans and melanization and capsule formation in C. neoformans and, importantly, significantly decreased yeast biofilm formation. SB also enhanced the antifungal activity of azole drugs. Notably, SB augmented the antifungal activity of macrophages by enhancing the production of reactive oxygen species. The phagocytic rate and killing activity of macrophages significantly increased in the presence of SB, which coincided with an increase in nitric oxide production. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that SB exerts significant antifungal activity on pathogenic yeasts and enhances the antimicrobial actions of macrophages in response to these microbes.
Authors: Simone F G Vilela; Júnia O Barbosa; Rodnei D Rossoni; Jéssica D Santos; Marcia C A Prata; Ana Lia Anbinder; Antonio O C Jorge; Juliana C Junqueira Journal: Virulence Date: 2015 Impact factor: 5.882
Authors: Víctor Hugo Ramos-García; Nubia Andrea Villota-Salazar; Juan Manuel González-Prieto; Diana V Cortés-Espinosa Journal: World J Microbiol Biotechnol Date: 2022-02-28 Impact factor: 3.312
Authors: Christophe d'Enfert; Ann-Kristin Kaune; Leovigildo-Rey Alaban; Sayoni Chakraborty; Nathaniel Cole; Margot Delavy; Daria Kosmala; Benoît Marsaux; Ricardo Fróis-Martins; Moran Morelli; Diletta Rosati; Marisa Valentine; Zixuan Xie; Yoan Emritloll; Peter A Warn; Frédéric Bequet; Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux; Stephanie Bornes; Mark S Gresnigt; Bernhard Hube; Ilse D Jacobsen; Mélanie Legrand; Salomé Leibundgut-Landmann; Chaysavanh Manichanh; Carol A Munro; Mihai G Netea; Karla Queiroz; Karine Roget; Vincent Thomas; Claudia Thoral; Pieter Van den Abbeele; Alan W Walker; Alistair J P Brown Journal: FEMS Microbiol Rev Date: 2021-05-05 Impact factor: 16.408