Homeostatic disruption and memory: effect of insulin administration in rats.

The present study examined the effect of insulin-induced hypoglycemia on 24-h retention of passive avoidance in rats. In the initial experiment, rats received either insulin (50 U/kg) or saline injections 30 min prior to training and testing. Impairments in retention were observed when animals were trained with insulin and tested with saline. This anterograde memory loss was attenuated, however, when insulin was administered prior to both training and testing. A subsequent experiment further explored the disruptive effect of hypoglycemia on memory. Data from this study indicated that lower doses of insulin at training (5 and 10 U/rat) yielded impairments in 24-h retention of passive avoidance. It is concluded that disruption of glucoregulation can produce state-dependent anterograde memory losses in rats. Possible implications for the effects of hypoglycemia on cognitive functioning in humans are discussed.