INTRODUCTION: The aims of this study were to determine the amounts of metallic ions that stainless steel, nickel-free, and titanium alloys release to a culture medium, and to evaluate the cellular viability and DNA damage of cultivated human fibroblasts with those mediums. METHODS: The metals were extracted from 10 samples (each consisting of 4 buccal tubes and 20 brackets) of the 3 orthodontic alloys that were submerged for 30 days in minimum essential medium. Next, the determination of metals was performed by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, cellular viability was assessed by using the tetrazolium reduction assay (MTT assay) (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), and DNA damage was determined with the Comet assay. The metals measured in all the samples were Ti(47), Cr(52), Mn(55), Co(59), Ni(60), Mo(92), Fe(56), Cu(63), Zn(66), As(75), Se(78), Cd(111), and Pb(208). RESULTS: The cellular viability of the cultured fibroblasts incubated for 7 days with minimum essential medium, with the stainless steel alloy submerged, was close to 0%. Moreover, high concentrations of titanium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, iron, copper, and zinc were detected. The nickel-free alloy released lower amounts of ions to the medium. The greatest damage in the cellular DNA, measured as the olive moment, was also produced by the stainless steel alloy followed by the nickel-free alloy. Conversely, the titanium alloy had an increased cellular viability and did not damage the cellular DNA, as compared with the control values. CONCLUSIONS: The titanium brackets and tubes are the most biocompatible of the 3 alloys studied.
INTRODUCTION: The aims of this study were to determine the amounts of metallic ions that stainless steel, nickel-free, and titanium alloys release to a culture medium, and to evaluate the cellular viability and DNA damage of cultivated human fibroblasts with those mediums. METHODS: The metals were extracted from 10 samples (each consisting of 4 buccal tubes and 20 brackets) of the 3 orthodontic alloys that were submerged for 30 days in minimum essential medium. Next, the determination of metals was performed by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, cellular viability was assessed by using the tetrazolium reduction assay (MTT assay) (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), and DNA damage was determined with the Comet assay. The metals measured in all the samples were Ti(47), Cr(52), Mn(55), Co(59), Ni(60), Mo(92), Fe(56), Cu(63), Zn(66), As(75), Se(78), Cd(111), and Pb(208). RESULTS: The cellular viability of the cultured fibroblasts incubated for 7 days with minimum essential medium, with the stainless steel alloy submerged, was close to 0%. Moreover, high concentrations of titanium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, iron, copper, and zinc were detected. The nickel-free alloy released lower amounts of ions to the medium. The greatest damage in the cellular DNA, measured as the olive moment, was also produced by the stainless steel alloy followed by the nickel-free alloy. Conversely, the titanium alloy had an increased cellular viability and did not damage the cellular DNA, as compared with the control values. CONCLUSIONS: The titanium brackets and tubes are the most biocompatible of the 3 alloys studied.
Authors: Pía López-Jornet; Francisco Parra Perrez; José Luis Calvo-Guirado; Irene Ros-Llor; Irene LLor-Ros; Piedad Ramírez-Fernández Journal: J Mater Sci Mater Med Date: 2014-03-29 Impact factor: 3.896
Authors: Alex Abramson; Ester Caffarel-Salvador; Minsoo Khang; David Dellal; David Silverstein; Yuan Gao; Morten Revsgaard Frederiksen; Andreas Vegge; František Hubálek; Jorrit J Water; Anders V Friderichsen; Johannes Fels; Rikke Kaae Kirk; Cody Cleveland; Joy Collins; Siddartha Tamang; Alison Hayward; Tomas Landh; Stephen T Buckley; Niclas Roxhed; Ulrik Rahbek; Robert Langer; Giovanni Traverso Journal: Science Date: 2019-02-08 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: Abdul Razzak A Ghazal; Mohammad Y Hajeer; Rabab Al-Sabbagh; Ibrahim Alghoraibi; Ahmad Aldiry Journal: Prog Orthod Date: 2015-05-20 Impact factor: 2.750