PURPOSE: This study examined the extent to which parental SES and ethnic affiliation during adolescence are associated with Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores compatible with depression during adulthood. METHODS: The data were extracted from the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) conducted in 1979 on several ethnic groups (African-Americans, Hispanics and Others). These data included paternal socio-economic status (SES) when respondents (N = 8,331) were on average aged 18. The CES-D was re-administered 27 years later to assess the presence of depression. RESULTS: Adjusted for age, binary logistic regression modeling showed that parental low SES increased the risk of CES-D of scores compatible with depression across ethnic groups for both genders. A gradient was observed of an increased likelihood of depression scores with lower parental SES levels: among African-American respondents, depression scores were highest at the lowest parental SES levels (OR = 3.25, 95% CI 2.19-4.84) and the risk dropped at medium (OR = 3.00, 95% CI 1.96-4.59), and highest SES levels (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.12-3.07). An analogous pattern was generally found for each ethnic group. CONCLUSIONS: Low parental SES during adolescence significantly increases the likelihood of CES-D scores compatible with depression during adulthood across US ethnic groups and in both genders.
PURPOSE: This study examined the extent to which parental SES and ethnic affiliation during adolescence are associated with Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores compatible with depression during adulthood. METHODS: The data were extracted from the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) conducted in 1979 on several ethnic groups (African-Americans, Hispanics and Others). These data included paternal socio-economic status (SES) when respondents (N = 8,331) were on average aged 18. The CES-D was re-administered 27 years later to assess the presence of depression. RESULTS: Adjusted for age, binary logistic regression modeling showed that parental low SES increased the risk of CES-D of scores compatible with depression across ethnic groups for both genders. A gradient was observed of an increased likelihood of depression scores with lower parental SES levels: among African-American respondents, depression scores were highest at the lowest parental SES levels (OR = 3.25, 95% CI 2.19-4.84) and the risk dropped at medium (OR = 3.00, 95% CI 1.96-4.59), and highest SES levels (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.12-3.07). An analogous pattern was generally found for each ethnic group. CONCLUSIONS: Low parental SES during adolescence significantly increases the likelihood of CES-D scores compatible with depression during adulthood across US ethnic groups and in both genders.
Authors: Matty A S de Wit; Wilco C Tuinebreijer; Jack Dekker; Aart-Jan T F Beekman; Wim H M Gorissen; Agnes C Schrier; Brenda W J H Penninx; Ivan H Komproe; Arnoud P Verhoeff Journal: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Date: 2008-06-28 Impact factor: 4.328
Authors: Johanna M Meyer; Joseph P H McNamara; Adam M Reid; Eric A Storch; Gary R Geffken; Dana M Mason; Tanya K Murphy; Regina Bussing Journal: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Date: 2014
Authors: Michelle C St Clair; Ian M Goodyer; Valerie Dunn; Joe Herbert; Peter B Jones; Tim Croudace Journal: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Date: 2011-10-30 Impact factor: 4.328
Authors: Leah M Adams; Tracey E Wilson; Daniel Merenstein; Joel Milam; Jennifer Cohen; Elizabeth T Golub; Adebola Adedimeji; Judith A Cook Journal: Psychol Assess Date: 2017-02-23