PURPOSE: This study evaluated intra-articular injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to augment healing with microfracture compared with microfracture alone. METHODS: Ten horses (aged 2.5 to 5 years) had 1-cm2 defects arthroscopically created on both medial femoral condyles of the stifle joint (analogous to the human knee). Defects were debrided to subchondral bone followed by microfracture. One month later, 1 randomly selected medial femorotibial joint in each horse received an intra-articular injection of either 20 × 10(6) BMSCs with 22 mg of hyaluronan or 22 mg of hyaluronan alone. Horses were confined for 4 months, with hand walking commencing at 2 weeks and then increasing in duration and intensity. At 4 months, horses were subjected to strenuous treadmill exercise simulating race training until completion of the study at 12 months. Horses underwent musculoskeletal and radiographic examinations bimonthly and second-look arthroscopy at 6 months. Horses were euthanized 12 months after the defects were made, and the affected joints underwent magnetic resonance imaging and gross, histologic, histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and biochemical examinations. RESULTS: Although there was no evidence of any clinically significant improvement in the joints injected with BMSCs, arthroscopic and gross evaluation confirmed a significant increase in repair tissue firmness and a trend for better overall repair tissue quality (cumulative score of all arthroscopic and gross grading criteria) in BMSC-treated joints. Immunohistochemical analysis showed significantly greater levels of aggrecan in repair tissue treated with BMSC injection. There were no other significant treatment effects. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was no significant difference clinically or histologically in the 2 groups, this study confirms that intra-articular BMSCs enhance cartilage repair quality with increased aggrecan content and tissue firmness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinical use of BMSCs in conjunction with microfracture of cartilage defects may be potentially beneficial.
PURPOSE: This study evaluated intra-articular injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to augment healing with microfracture compared with microfracture alone. METHODS: Ten horses (aged 2.5 to 5 years) had 1-cm2 defects arthroscopically created on both medial femoral condyles of the stifle joint (analogous to the human knee). Defects were debrided to subchondral bone followed by microfracture. One month later, 1 randomly selected medial femorotibial joint in each horse received an intra-articular injection of either 20 × 10(6) BMSCs with 22 mg of hyaluronan or 22 mg of hyaluronan alone. Horses were confined for 4 months, with hand walking commencing at 2 weeks and then increasing in duration and intensity. At 4 months, horses were subjected to strenuous treadmill exercise simulating race training until completion of the study at 12 months. Horses underwent musculoskeletal and radiographic examinations bimonthly and second-look arthroscopy at 6 months. Horses were euthanized 12 months after the defects were made, and the affected joints underwent magnetic resonance imaging and gross, histologic, histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and biochemical examinations. RESULTS: Although there was no evidence of any clinically significant improvement in the joints injected with BMSCs, arthroscopic and gross evaluation confirmed a significant increase in repair tissue firmness and a trend for better overall repair tissue quality (cumulative score of all arthroscopic and gross grading criteria) in BMSC-treated joints. Immunohistochemical analysis showed significantly greater levels of aggrecan in repair tissue treated with BMSC injection. There were no other significant treatment effects. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was no significant difference clinically or histologically in the 2 groups, this study confirms that intra-articular BMSCs enhance cartilage repair quality with increased aggrecan content and tissue firmness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinical use of BMSCs in conjunction with microfracture of cartilage defects may be potentially beneficial.
Authors: Jennifer K Lee; Donald J Responte; Derek D Cissell; Jerry C Hu; Jan A Nolta; Kyriacos A Athanasiou Journal: Crit Rev Biotechnol Date: 2013-10-01 Impact factor: 8.429
Authors: Alexandre Pedro Nicolini; Rogerio Teixeira Carvalho; Bruno Dragone; Mario Lenza; Moises Cohen; Mario Ferretti Journal: Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med Date: 2014-09
Authors: Rachel E Miller; Alan J Grodzinsky; Myra F Barrett; Han-Hwa Hung; Eliot H Frank; Natasha M Werpy; C Wayne McIlwraith; David D Frisbie Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am Date: 2014-10-01 Impact factor: 5.284
Authors: Laurie R Goodrich; Albert C Chen; Natasha M Werpy; Ashley A Williams; John D Kisiday; Alvin W Su; Esther Cory; Paul S Morley; C Wayne McIlwraith; Robert L Sah; Constance R Chu Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am Date: 2016-01-06 Impact factor: 5.284