OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term effects of duration of postpartum lactation on maternal body composition and risk for cardio-metabolic disorders in later life. DESIGN: Retrospective study. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and serum glucose, insulin and lipids were analysed using enzymatic photometric methods 16-20 years after the last pregnancy. Medical history and lifestyle factors were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Detailed information regarding weight change patterns during each pregnancy was obtained from personal maternity tracking records. SETTING: City of Jyväskylä and surroundings in Central Finland. SUBJECTS: Two hundred and twelve women (mean age 48, range 36-60 years). RESULTS: At 16-20 years after their last pregnancy, women who had breast-fed for less than 6 months had higher total body fat mass and fat mass percentage, particularly in the android region (46·5 (sd 8·2) %) than mothers who had breast-fed for longer than 6 months (39·0 (sd 10·2) %) or for longer than 10 months (38·4 (sd 10·9) %, P < 0·01). These differences were independent of pre-pregnancy weight and BMI, menopausal status, smoking status, level of education, participation in past and present leisure-time physical activity, and current dietary energy intake. Higher body fat mass was also associated with higher fasting serum glucose concentration and insulin resistance, TAG, LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol concentrations, as well as higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0·05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Short duration of breast-feeding may induce weight retention and fat mass accumulation, resulting in increased risk of cardio-metabolic disorders in later life.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term effects of duration of postpartum lactation on maternal body composition and risk for cardio-metabolic disorders in later life. DESIGN: Retrospective study. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and serum glucose, insulin and lipids were analysed using enzymatic photometric methods 16-20 years after the last pregnancy. Medical history and lifestyle factors were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Detailed information regarding weight change patterns during each pregnancy was obtained from personal maternity tracking records. SETTING: City of Jyväskylä and surroundings in Central Finland. SUBJECTS: Two hundred and twelve women (mean age 48, range 36-60 years). RESULTS: At 16-20 years after their last pregnancy, women who had breast-fed for less than 6 months had higher total body fat mass and fat mass percentage, particularly in the android region (46·5 (sd 8·2) %) than mothers who had breast-fed for longer than 6 months (39·0 (sd 10·2) %) or for longer than 10 months (38·4 (sd 10·9) %, P < 0·01). These differences were independent of pre-pregnancy weight and BMI, menopausal status, smoking status, level of education, participation in past and present leisure-time physical activity, and current dietary energy intake. Higher body fat mass was also associated with higher fasting serum glucose concentration and insulin resistance, TAG, LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol concentrations, as well as higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0·05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Short duration of breast-feeding may induce weight retention and fat mass accumulation, resulting in increased risk of cardio-metabolic disorders in later life.
Authors: Heather Straub; Clarissa Simon; Beth A Plunkett; Loraine Endres; Emma K Adam; Chelsea Mckinney; Calvin J Hobel; John M Thorp; Tonse Raju; Madeleine Shalowitz Journal: Matern Child Health J Date: 2016-07
Authors: Malamo E Countouris; Eleanor B Schwarz; Brianna C Rossiter; Andrew D Althouse; Kathryn L Berlacher; Arun Jeyabalan; Janet M Catov Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2016-03-02 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Malamo E Countouris; Claudia Holzman; Andrew D Althouse; Gabrielle G Snyder; Emma Barinas-Mitchell; Steven E Reis; Janet M Catov Journal: J Womens Health (Larchmt) Date: 2020-01-02 Impact factor: 2.681
Authors: Tone Natland Fagerhaug; Siri Forsmo; Geir Wenberg Jacobsen; Kristian Midthjell; Lene Frost Andersen; Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2013-11-13 Impact factor: 3.295