The musculocutaneous infrahyoid flap: surgical key points.

For the first time in 1979, it was described by Wang that the infrahyoid musculocutaneous flap (IHMC flap) appears to be extremely suitable for medium-sized head and neck defect. Nevertheless, this flap remains unpopular because of its pretended lack of reliability. The aim of this study is to describe the surgical key points and to expose its main advantages. An IHMC flap was achieved on 32 patients to repair tissue loss due to surgical resection of a squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aero-digestive tract, from March 2006 to January 2010. Medical records of each of these patients were retrospectively analysed by the investigators including the detailed clinical, pathological and operative reports. No patient presented with total flap necrosis. However, we experienced four skin paddles necrosis. In two cases, the necrosis was total and in two cases partial. All donor sites were closed primarily without any tension. One patient showed a major dehiscence of the neck skin incision that required a pectoralis major flap. The IHMC flap is reliable and the harvesting technique is simple when the surgical key points are respected. Its advantages make it a convenient flap for medium-sized head and neck defect.