Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of cyprodinil and fludioxonil in leaching water under solar irradiation.

The efficiency of ZnO and TiO(2) suspensions in the photocatalytic degradation of two fungicides (cyprodinil and fludioxonil) in leaching water was investigated. The experiments were carried out at pilot plant scale using compound parabolic collectors under natural sunlight. The blank experiments for both irradiated compounds solutions showed that both oxides strongly enhanced the removal of the fungicides. The addition of an oxidant (Na(2)S(2)O(8)) to the ZnO or TiO(2) increased the rate of photooxidation. The degradation of cyprodinil and fludioxonil followed first order kinetics according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Complete degradation of both fungicides was achieved within 4 h (t(30W)=18 min) when treated with illuminated ZnO. The disappearance time (DT(75)), when referred to the normalized illumination time (t(30W)), was lower than 40 and 550 min (t(30W)=2 and 40 min) for both fungicides using ZnO or TiO(2), respectively. ZnO appeared to be more effective in cyprodinil and fludioxonil oxidation than TiO(2) probably due to its nonstoichiometry.