Synergistic effect of chemo-photothermal therapy using PEGylated graphene oxide.

Graphene has shown great potential both in photothermal therapy and drug delivery. Herein, we developed doxorubicin-loaded PEGylated nanographene oxide (NGO-PEG-DOX) to facilitate combined chemotherapy and photothermal therapy in one system. In this work, we studied the ablation of tumor both in vivo and in vitro by the combination of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy using this functional graphene oxide. The ability of the NGO-PEG-DOX nanoparticle to combine the local specific chemotherapy with external near-infrared (NIR) photothermal therapy significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy of cancer treatment. Compared with chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone, the combined treatment demonstrated a synergistic effect, resulting in higher therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, lower systematic toxicity of NGO-PEG-DOX than DOX was proved by the pathologic examination of main organs in our toxicity study.