Jane Colish1, Jonathan R Walker1, Nader Elmayergi2, Saleh Almutairi3, Fawaz Alharbi3, Matthew Lytwyn1, Andrew Francis1, Sheena Bohonis1, Matthew Zeglinski1, Iain D C Kirkpatrick4, Sat Sharma3, Davinder S Jassal5. 1. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface General Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. 2. Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. 3. Section of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. 4. Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. 5. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface General Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address: djassal@sbgh.mb.ca.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although previous echocardiographic studies have demonstrated short-term improvement in cardiovascular remodeling in patients with OSA receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, a long-term study incorporating cardiac biomarkers, echocardiography, and cardiac MRI (CMR) has not been performed to date. METHODS: A prospective study of 47 patients with OSA was performed between 2007 and 2010. Cardiac biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and troponin T (TnT), were measured at baseline and serially over 1 year. All patients underwent baseline and serial transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and CMR to assess cardiac remodeling. RESULTS: Following 12 months of CPAP therapy, levels of CRP, NT-proBNP, and TnT did not change significantly from normal baseline values. As early as 3 months after initiation of CPAP, TTE revealed an improvement in right ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left atrial volume index, right atrial volume index, and degree of pulmonary hypertension, which continued to improve over 1 year of follow-up. Finally, left ventricular mass, as determined by CMR, decreased from 159 ± 12 g/m(2) to 141 ± 8 g/m(2) as early as 6 months into CPAP therapy and continued to improve until completion of the study at 1 year. CONCLUSION: Both systolic and diastolic abnormalities in patients with OSA can be reversed as early as 3 months into CPAP therapy, with progressive improvement in cardiovascular remodeling over 1 year as assessed by both TTE and CMR.
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although previous echocardiographic studies have demonstrated short-term improvement in cardiovascular remodeling in patients with OSA receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, a long-term study incorporating cardiac biomarkers, echocardiography, and cardiac MRI (CMR) has not been performed to date. METHODS: A prospective study of 47 patients with OSA was performed between 2007 and 2010. Cardiac biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and troponin T (TnT), were measured at baseline and serially over 1 year. All patients underwent baseline and serial transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and CMR to assess cardiac remodeling. RESULTS: Following 12 months of CPAP therapy, levels of CRP, NT-proBNP, and TnT did not change significantly from normal baseline values. As early as 3 months after initiation of CPAP, TTE revealed an improvement in right ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left atrial volume index, right atrial volume index, and degree of pulmonary hypertension, which continued to improve over 1 year of follow-up. Finally, left ventricular mass, as determined by CMR, decreased from 159 ± 12 g/m(2) to 141 ± 8 g/m(2) as early as 6 months into CPAP therapy and continued to improve until completion of the study at 1 year. CONCLUSION: Both systolic and diastolic abnormalities in patients with OSA can be reversed as early as 3 months into CPAP therapy, with progressive improvement in cardiovascular remodeling over 1 year as assessed by both TTE and CMR.
Authors: Gen-Min Lin; Laura A Colangelo; Donald M Lloyd-Jones; Susan Redline; Joseph Yeboah; Susan R Heckbert; Saman Nazarian; Alvaro Alonso; David A Bluemke; Naresh M Punjabi; Moyses Szklo; Kiang Liu Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2015-05-13 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Ravi V Shah; Siddique A Abbasi; Bobak Heydari; Hoshang Farhad; John A Dodson; Jessie P Bakker; Roy M John; Aristidis Veves; Atul Malhotra; Ron Blankstein; Michael Jerosch-Herold; Raymond Y Kwong; Tomas G Neilan Journal: Am Heart J Date: 2014-01-15 Impact factor: 4.749