Hepatitis B virus infection in children.

Several modes of transmission can account for the high hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier rate observed in children and young adults; perinatal transmission, horizontal transmission from household members and playmates, transmission due to sexual contact with a carrier. An inverse correlation has been reported between the age at which HBV infection occurs and the development of the carrier state. The epidemiology of HBV infection in children has important implications on strategies for prevention and control of this disease.