BACKGROUND/AIMS: Pharmacological antihypertensive therapies decrease both wall hypertrophy and collagen, but are unable to diminish the elastic content in the thoracic aorta. We investigated the effects of exercise training on aortic structure and function. METHODS: Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive rats (WKY), submitted to low-intensity training (T) or kept sedentary (S), were subjected to haemodynamic analyses. The thoracic aorta was processed for real-time PCR, light (morphometric/stereological evaluations) and electron microscopy. RESULTS: SHR(S) versus WKY(S) exhibited a higher heart rate, pressure and pulse pressure, increased α-actin, elastin and collagen mRNA expression, augmented wall volume and cross-sectional area (marked elastin/collagen content). In the SHR, training reduced pressure and heart rate, with slight reduction in pulse pressure. SHR(T) aortas exhibited small morphometric changes, reduced α-actin, elastin and collagen mRNA expression, normalization of increased elastic content, reduction in collagen/connective tissue and a decrease in smooth muscle cell volume (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). SHR(T) aortas showed improved circumferential orientation of smooth muscle cells and prevention of rupture/duplication of internal elastic lamina. No effects were observed in trained WKY aortas. CONCLUSIONS: Training effectively corrects elastic, collagen and smooth muscle content in SHR aortas. These changes, by reducing aortic pulsatility, facilitate a buffering function and reduce the cardiovascular risk.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Pharmacological antihypertensive therapies decrease both wall hypertrophy and collagen, but are unable to diminish the elastic content in the thoracic aorta. We investigated the effects of exercise training on aortic structure and function. METHODS: Spontaneously hypertensiverats (SHR) and normotensive rats (WKY), submitted to low-intensity training (T) or kept sedentary (S), were subjected to haemodynamic analyses. The thoracic aorta was processed for real-time PCR, light (morphometric/stereological evaluations) and electron microscopy. RESULTS: SHR(S) versus WKY(S) exhibited a higher heart rate, pressure and pulse pressure, increased α-actin, elastin and collagen mRNA expression, augmented wall volume and cross-sectional area (marked elastin/collagen content). In the SHR, training reduced pressure and heart rate, with slight reduction in pulse pressure. SHR(T) aortas exhibited small morphometric changes, reduced α-actin, elastin and collagen mRNA expression, normalization of increased elastic content, reduction in collagen/connective tissue and a decrease in smooth muscle cell volume (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). SHR(T) aortas showed improved circumferential orientation of smooth muscle cells and prevention of rupture/duplication of internal elastic lamina. No effects were observed in trained WKY aortas. CONCLUSIONS: Training effectively corrects elastic, collagen and smooth muscle content in SHR aortas. These changes, by reducing aortic pulsatility, facilitate a buffering function and reduce the cardiovascular risk.
Authors: Fernanda R Roque; Ana M Briones; Ana B García-Redondo; María Galán; Sonia Martínez-Revelles; Maria S Avendaño; Victoria Cachofeiro; Tiago Fernandes; Dalton V Vassallo; Edilamar M Oliveira; Mercedes Salaices Journal: Br J Pharmacol Date: 2013-02 Impact factor: 8.739
Authors: Eun Yeong Seo; Hae Jin Kim; Zai Hao Zhao; Ji Hyun Jang; Chun Zi Jin; Hae Young Yoo; Yin-Hua Zhang; Sung Joon Kim Journal: Pflugers Arch Date: 2014-02-21 Impact factor: 3.657
Authors: Vander José das Neves; Tiago Fernandes; Fernanda Roberta Roque; Ursula Paula Renó Soci; Stéphano Freitas Soares Melo; Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira Journal: World J Cardiol Date: 2014-08-26