OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between dietary sodium intake, as measured by urinary electrolyte excretion, and blood pressure within a population of older Australian adults. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study of adults enrolled in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, stratified by sex, country of birth (Italy, Greece, Australia/New Zealand) and age (50-59 and 60-75 years). Blood pressure measurements were taken in 2003-2007 and 24-hour urine collections in 2007-2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium and potassium, urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio, and clinic blood pressure measurement. RESULTS: The mean ± SD age of 783 participants was 64.0 ± 6.3 years. Mean ± SD urinary sodium was 155.1 ± 63.1 mmol/day (8.9 ± 3.6 g salt/day), urinary potassium was 82.3 ± 27.9 mmol/day, and urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio was 1.99 ± 0.83. In the 587 participants with blood pressure measurements, urinary sodium and the sodium-to-potassium ratio were both associated with systolic blood pressure in all adjusted and unadjusted models (mmHg change per 100 mmol/day increase in sodium: regression coefficient, 2.3, 95% CI, 0.1-4.6; P = 0.049, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, country of birth and antihypertensive medication use). CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated, for the first time within an Australian population sample of older adults, that sodium intake is positively associated with blood pressure. These results suggest that a population-wide reduction in sodium intake could be effective in reducing blood pressure in adults in Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between dietary sodium intake, as measured by urinary electrolyte excretion, and blood pressure within a population of older Australian adults. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study of adults enrolled in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, stratified by sex, country of birth (Italy, Greece, Australia/New Zealand) and age (50-59 and 60-75 years). Blood pressure measurements were taken in 2003-2007 and 24-hour urine collections in 2007-2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium and potassium, urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio, and clinic blood pressure measurement. RESULTS: The mean ± SD age of 783 participants was 64.0 ± 6.3 years. Mean ± SD urinary sodium was 155.1 ± 63.1 mmol/day (8.9 ± 3.6 g salt/day), urinary potassium was 82.3 ± 27.9 mmol/day, and urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio was 1.99 ± 0.83. In the 587 participants with blood pressure measurements, urinary sodium and the sodium-to-potassium ratio were both associated with systolic blood pressure in all adjusted and unadjusted models (mmHg change per 100 mmol/day increase in sodium: regression coefficient, 2.3, 95% CI, 0.1-4.6; P = 0.049, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, country of birth and antihypertensive medication use). CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated, for the first time within an Australian population sample of older adults, that sodium intake is positively associated with blood pressure. These results suggest that a population-wide reduction in sodium intake could be effective in reducing blood pressure in adults in Australia.
Authors: Caryl Nowson; Karen Lim; Carley Grimes; Siobhan O'Halloran; Mary Anne Land; Jacqui Webster; Jonathan Shaw; John Chalmers; Wayne Smith; Victoria Flood; Mark Woodward; Bruce Neal Journal: Nutrients Date: 2015-12-16 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Carley A Grimes; Janet R Baxter; Karen J Campbell; Lynn J Riddell; Manuela Rigo; Djin Gie Liem; Russell S Keast; Feng J He; Caryl A Nowson Journal: JMIR Res Protoc Date: 2015-01-15
Authors: Rhoda N Ndanuko; Rukayat Ibrahim; Retno A Hapsari; Elizabeth P Neale; David Raubenheimer; Karen E Charlton Journal: Adv Nutr Date: 2021-10-01 Impact factor: 11.567