Targeting STAT4 in systemic sclerosis: a promising new direction.

Evaluation of: Avouac J, Fürnrohr BG, Tomcik M et al. Inactivation of the transcription factor STAT-4 prevents inflammation-driven fibrosis in animal models of systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum. 63(3), 800-809 (2011). STAT4 has been identified as a genetic risk factor for the development of autoimmune diseases including systemic sclerosis. STAT4 regulates Th1 cell development and cell-mediated immunity, but it is not known how it may regulate the development of dermal fibrosis. Using the bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis model, it has now been demonstrated that STAT4-deficient mice have reduced dermal fibrosis in part via STAT4-dependent alterations in T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. These data stress the importance of STAT4 in autoimmune diseases such as systemic sclerosis and provide an important direction for future research to improve our understanding of systemic sclerosis pathogenesis.