A coupled electromechanical model for the excitation-dependent contraction of skeletal muscle.

This work deals with the development and implementation of an electromechanical skeletal muscle model. To this end, a recently published hyperelastic constitutive muscle model with transversely isotropic characteristics, see Ehret et al. (2011), has been weakly coupled with Ohm's law describing the electric current. In contrast to the traditional way of active muscle modelling, this model is rooted on a non-additive decomposition of the active and passive components. The performance of the proposed modelling approach is demonstrated by the use of three-dimensional illustrative boundary-value problems that include electromechanical analysis on tissue strips. Further, simulations on the biceps brachii muscle document the applicability of the model to realistic muscle geometries.