Signals and mechanisms affecting vesicular trafficking during root growth.

Vesicular trafficking is mediated by distinct exocytic and endocytic routes in eukaryotic cells. These pathways involve RAB family proteins, ADP-ribosylation factor, RHO proteins of the Ras superfamily, and SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor adaptors). Studies have shown that vesicular trafficking plays a crucial role in protein localization and movement, signal transduction, and multiple developmental processes. Here we summarize the role of vesicular trafficking in root and root hair growth and in auxin-mediated root development, focusing on the regulation of the polarized subcellular distribution of the PIN proteins (auxin efflux carriers).