BACKGROUND: Injection drug users (IDUs) in resource poor settings are at high risk for HIV transmission through unsafe needle-sharing and sexual practices. We report on the injecting and sexual behavior of a sample of IDUs from Malindi, Kenya. METHODS: A Priority for Local AIDS Control Efforts (PLACE) study was conducted from April to May 2010 to identify areas where HIV transmission is most likely to occur and specific venues where people meet new sexual partners. Community informants (n=202) listed 157 unique venues from which 29 were randomly selected using a systematic fixed interval sampling strategy with probability of selection proportional to venue size. Twenty patrons and four workers were interviewed at each venue. Drug use practices were elicited in a staff-administered interview. RESULTS: Between 40% and 50% of IDUs reported needle-sharing, taking drugs from a common reservoir, using a ready-made solution without boiling, and not exchanging a used for a new syringe in the past month. Most could inconsistently or never get new syringes. In multivariate logistic regression models controlling for age, education, residence, and poverty status, IDUs were twice as likely as non-IDUs to report multiple partners in the past year (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.26-3.00, p<.01) and multiple new partners in the past year (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.30-3.42, p<.01). CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of multiple sexual partnerships and risky injecting behaviors among IDUs and unavailability of new injecting needles are likely facilitating HIV transmission in Malindi, Kenya.
BACKGROUND: Injection drug users (IDUs) in resource poor settings are at high risk for HIV transmission through unsafe needle-sharing and sexual practices. We report on the injecting and sexual behavior of a sample of IDUs from Malindi, Kenya. METHODS: A Priority for Local AIDS Control Efforts (PLACE) study was conducted from April to May 2010 to identify areas where HIV transmission is most likely to occur and specific venues where people meet new sexual partners. Community informants (n=202) listed 157 unique venues from which 29 were randomly selected using a systematic fixed interval sampling strategy with probability of selection proportional to venue size. Twenty patrons and four workers were interviewed at each venue. Drug use practices were elicited in a staff-administered interview. RESULTS: Between 40% and 50% of IDUs reported needle-sharing, taking drugs from a common reservoir, using a ready-made solution without boiling, and not exchanging a used for a new syringe in the past month. Most could inconsistently or never get new syringes. In multivariate logistic regression models controlling for age, education, residence, and poverty status, IDUs were twice as likely as non-IDUs to report multiple partners in the past year (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.26-3.00, p<.01) and multiple new partners in the past year (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.30-3.42, p<.01). CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of multiple sexual partnerships and risky injecting behaviors among IDUs and unavailability of new injecting needles are likely facilitating HIV transmission in Malindi, Kenya.
Authors: Bradley M Mathers; Louisa Degenhardt; Benjamin Phillips; Lucas Wiessing; Matthew Hickman; Steffanie A Strathdee; Alex Wodak; Samiran Panda; Mark Tyndall; Abdalla Toufik; Richard P Mattick Journal: Lancet Date: 2008-09-23 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Mark L Williams; Sheryl A McCurdy; Anne M Bowen; Gad P Kilonzo; John S Atkinson; Michael W Ross; M T Leshabari Journal: AIDS Educ Prev Date: 2009-10
Authors: Steffanie A Strathdee; Timothy B Hallett; Natalia Bobrova; Tim Rhodes; Robert Booth; Reychad Abdool; Catherine A Hankins Journal: Lancet Date: 2010-07-24 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Jennifer L Syvertsen; Spala Ohaga; Kawango Agot; Margarita Dimova; Andy Guise; Tim Rhodes; Karla D Wagner Journal: Int J Drug Policy Date: 2016-01-08
Authors: Derrick Ssewanyana; Patrick N Mwangala; Vicki Marsh; Irene Jao; Anneloes van Baar; Charles R Newton; Amina Abubakar Journal: J Health Psychol Date: 2018-06-26
Authors: Jennifer L Syvertsen; Kawango Agot; Spala Ohaga; Steffanie A Strathdee; Carol S Camlin; Eunice Omanga; Petronilla Odonde; Grace Rota; Kelvin Akoth; Juan Peng; Karla D Wagner Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2015-03-14 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Ruth S Mwatelah; Raphael M Lwembe; Saida Osman; Bernhards R Ogutu; Rashid Aman; Rose C Kitawi; Laura N Wangai; Florence A Oloo; Gilbert O Kokwaro; Washingtone Ochieng Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-07-24 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Waimar Tun; Meredith Sheehy; Dita Broz; Jerry Okal; Nicholas Muraguri; H Fisher Raymond; Helgar Musyoki; Andrea A Kim; Mercy Muthui; Scott Geibel Journal: AIDS Behav Date: 2015-02