[A new record species, Heniochus diphreutes, Chaetodontidae from China].

A new record species of Chaetodontidae, Heniochus diphreutes, was found by comparative analysis of the morphological characteristics in a taxonomic revision of the family Chaetodontidae in China. It was distinguished from its relative species H. acuminatus by a combination of the following: Dorsal fin usually with 12 spines (vs. 11); 2-3 rows of teeth on both jaws (vs. 5-7); ventral profile of head convex (vs. almost straight); anal fin more angular, and black area on posterior part of anal fin usually extending anteriorly to longest soft ray (vs. more round, and usually not extending anteriorly to longest soft ray); and snout shorter than eye (vs. longer).