Literature DB >> 21696338

Protruding labia minora: abnormal or just uncool?

Lina Michala1, Sofia Koliantzaki, Aris Antsaklis.   

Abstract

There is a wide variety in the appearance of normal female external genitalia. Nevertheless a specific prototype is promoted by the media, leading to a false sense that all other appearances are abnormal. As adolescents become sexually aware at an earlier age, most of them are worried about the appearance of their genitalia, especially when labia minora protrude beyond labia majora. This is a prospective audit of adolescents presenting for assessment of their perceived abnormal genitalia. Sixteen girls aged 10.2 to 17.8 years presented between June 2009 and December 2010 to a specialist adolescent gynecology service. Their mean labial width was 36 mm (range: 20-55 mm). In six girls, the reason for attending the service was inequality of the size of labia ranging between 6 mm and 35 mm (mean of 20 mm). Among the remaining 10 girls, the concern had arisen through comparison with a prepubescent sibling (one case), change of genitalia during puberty (four cases), looking at internet pictures (four cases), and looking at an anatomy book (one case). Risks of Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery (FGCS) have not been adequately documented, especially with regards to sexual function and long-term patient satisfaction. External genitalia are likely to change during puberty and therefore, any genital operation in the absence of clear pathology should be deferred until adulthood. Even then, women should have clear expectations of what will be achieved with the operation in terms of appearance and function.

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Mesh:

Year:  2011        PMID: 21696338     DOI: 10.3109/0167482X.2011.585726

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol        ISSN: 0167-482X            Impact factor:   2.949


  8 in total

Review 1.  Female genital cosmetic surgery: a review of techniques and outcomes.

Authors:  Cheryl B Iglesia; Ladin Yurteri-Kaplan; Red Alinsod
Journal:  Int Urogynecol J       Date:  2013-05-22       Impact factor: 2.894

Review 2.  Labiaplasty: motivation, techniques, and ethics.

Authors:  Müjde Özer; Indiana Mortimore; Elise P Jansma; Margriet G Mullender
Journal:  Nat Rev Urol       Date:  2018-02-06       Impact factor: 14.432

Review 3.  Labia minora hypertrophy: causes, impact on women's health, and treatment options.

Authors:  Caterina Gulia; Andrea Zangari; Vito Briganti; Zhoobin H Bateni; Alessandro Porrello; Roberto Piergentili
Journal:  Int Urogynecol J       Date:  2017-01-18       Impact factor: 2.894

4.  "I Don't See That as a Medical Problem": Clinicians' Attitudes and Responses to Requests for Cosmetic Genital Surgery by Adolescents.

Authors:  Merle Spriggs; Lynn Gillam
Journal:  J Bioeth Inq       Date:  2018-10-19       Impact factor: 1.352

Review 5.  Cosmetic labiaplasty on minors: a review of current trends and evidence.

Authors:  Andreas Kalampalikis; Lina Michala
Journal:  Int J Impot Res       Date:  2021-10-18       Impact factor: 2.408

6.  Body dysmorphic disorder of female genitalia: a qualitative study of Swiss obstetrician-gynecologists' experiences and practices.

Authors:  Olenka Dworakowski; Marie Drüge; Michelle Schlunegger; Birgit Watzke
Journal:  Arch Gynecol Obstet       Date:  2021-09-30       Impact factor: 2.344

Review 7.  The contribution of online content to the promotion and normalisation of female genital cosmetic surgery: a systematic review of the literature.

Authors:  Hayley Mowat; Karalyn McDonald; Amy Shields Dobson; Jane Fisher; Maggie Kirkman
Journal:  BMC Womens Health       Date:  2015-11-25       Impact factor: 2.809

8.  Female genital cosmetic surgery: a cross-sectional survey exploring knowledge, attitude and practice of general practitioners.

Authors:  M Simonis; R Manocha; J J Ong
Journal:  BMJ Open       Date:  2016-09-26       Impact factor: 2.692

  8 in total

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