Role of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the prompt diagnosis of recurrence of visceral leishmaniasis presented as isolated cervical leishmanial lymphadenopathy.

We report a case of isolated cervical leishmanial lymphadenopathy diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in apparently cured case of visceral leishmaniasis. A 28-year-old female presented with cervical lymphnode enlargement to surgery outpatient department and was subjected for FNAC. Smear showed numerous Leishmania donovani bodies in the cytoplasm of macrophages and giant cells, and extracellular spaces. She was treated by Amphotericin B for alternate 14 days and the size of the lymphnode regressed. She was found asymptomatic for 1 year of follow-up.