Wenke Yue1, Feng Jiao, Bin Liu, Jiacong You, Qinghua Zhou. 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There are no universal method to recognize and screen for lung cancer stem cell markers and indicators. Commonly used methods are flow Cytometry and learning from other cancer stem cell sorting tags to sort lung cancer stem cells. But this method has low specificity screening, the workload is huge. In this study, Serum-free suspension culture was used to enrich lung cancer stem cells, and explore method for lung cancer stem cell screening. METHODS: Human large lung cancer cell line-L9981 was cultured in serum-free and growth factors added medium, and spheres were obtained. Then the morphological differences of sphere cells and adherent L9981 cells cultured in serum-containing mediums are observed. Cell proliferation was analyzed by Vi-cell viability analyzer; invasion ability was tested by transwell assay; and in vivo tumorigenicity of the two groups of cells was studied in nude mouse. RESULTS: Compared with adherent L9981 cells cultured in serum-containing mediums, cells cultured in serum-free medium display sphere appearance. Doubling time of adherent cells and sphere cells are (56.05±1.95) h and (33.00±1.44) h respectively; Spheroid cells had higher invasion and tumorigenicity ability, 5 times and 20 times respectively, than adherent cells. CONCLUSION: Suspension cultured L9981 in Serum-free medium could form spheroid populations. Cells in spheres had higher ability of invasion and Tumorigenicity than adherent L9981 cells. These results indicated spheroid L9981 cells contained enriched lung cancer stem cells, and Serum-free suspension culture can be a candidate method for enriching lung cancer stem cell.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There are no universal method to recognize and screen for lung cancer stem cell markers and indicators. Commonly used methods are flow Cytometry and learning from other cancer stem cell sorting tags to sort lung cancer stem cells. But this method has low specificity screening, the workload is huge. In this study, Serum-free suspension culture was used to enrich lung cancer stem cells, and explore method for lung cancer stem cell screening. METHODS:Human large lung cancer cell line-L9981 was cultured in serum-free and growth factors added medium, and spheres were obtained. Then the morphological differences of sphere cells and adherent L9981 cells cultured in serum-containing mediums are observed. Cell proliferation was analyzed by Vi-cell viability analyzer; invasion ability was tested by transwell assay; and in vivo tumorigenicity of the two groups of cells was studied in nude mouse. RESULTS: Compared with adherent L9981 cells cultured in serum-containing mediums, cells cultured in serum-free medium display sphere appearance. Doubling time of adherent cells and sphere cells are (56.05±1.95) h and (33.00±1.44) h respectively; Spheroid cells had higher invasion and tumorigenicity ability, 5 times and 20 times respectively, than adherent cells. CONCLUSION: Suspension cultured L9981 in Serum-free medium could form spheroid populations. Cells in spheres had higher ability of invasion and Tumorigenicity than adherent L9981 cells. These results indicated spheroid L9981 cells contained enriched lung cancer stem cells, and Serum-free suspension culture can be a candidate method for enriching lung cancer stem cell.
Morphology of the L9981 spheres cells in serum-free suspension culture is different from the L9981 cells in serum adherent morphological under the microscope. A: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum adherent culture (100 ×); B: the morphol-ogy of L9981 cell in serum-free suspension on the third day (100 ×); C: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum-free suspension on the fifth day (100 ×); D: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum-free suspen-sion on the sixth day (200 ×); E: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum-free suspension on the eighth day (the spheres in necrosis and Collapse) (100 ×); F: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum-free sus-pension On the tenth day ((the spheres in single-cell state) (100 ×).
无血清悬浮培养L9981球体细胞和血清贴壁生长L9981细胞在显微镜下形态学差异。A:L9981含血清贴壁培养后形态(100×);B:L9981无血清培养第3天形态(100×);C:L9981无血清培养第5天形态(100×)D:L9981无血清培养第6天形态(200 ×);E:L9981无血清培养第8天形态(100×)(细胞球坏死崩解);F:L9981无血清培养第10天形态(100×)(细胞球坏死崩解成单细胞状态)。Morphology of the L9981 spheres cells in serum-free suspension culture is different from the L9981 cells in serum adherent morphological under the microscope. A: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum adherent culture (100 ×); B: the morphol-ogy of L9981 cell in serum-free suspension on the third day (100 ×); C: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum-free suspension on the fifth day (100 ×); D: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum-free suspen-sion on the sixth day (200 ×); E: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum-free suspension on the eighth day (the spheres in necrosis and Collapse) (100 ×); F: the morphology of L9981 cell in serum-free sus-pension On the tenth day ((the spheres in single-cell state) (100 ×).
The comparation of Cell doubling time between L9981 spheres cells and L9981 in serum adherent culture
Cell culture conditions
Doubling time of cell growth
P(bilateral P-value)
L9981 spheres cells in serum –free culture
(33.00±1.44) h
< 0.001
L9981 in serum adherent culture
(56.05±1.95) h
2
无血清悬浮培养L9981球体细胞与血清贴壁培养L9981细胞株的生长曲线比较(P < 0.05)
Cell growth curve of L9981 spheres cells in serum-free suspension culture is compared with that of L9981 cell in serum adherent culture (P < 0.05)
L9981球体细胞和含血清贴壁培养的L9981细胞倍增时间比较(Mean±SD,n=3)The comparation of Cell doubling time between L9981 spheres cells and L9981 in serum adherent culture无血清悬浮培养L9981球体细胞与血清贴壁培养L9981细胞株的生长曲线比较(P < 0.05)Cell growth curve of L9981 spheres cells in serum-free suspension culture is compared with that of L9981 cell in serum adherent culture (P < 0.05)
The comparison of transwell chamber in-vasion between L9981 spheres cells in serum-free suspension culture (A) and L9981 in serum adherent culture(B)(P < 0.05)
2
L9981球体细胞和含血清贴壁培养的L9981细胞侵袭性比较(Mean±SD,n=3)
The comparation of invasion between L9981 spheres cells and L9981 in serum adherent culture
Cell culture conditions
The average number through the Matrigel invasion of cells
P(bilateral P-value)
L9981 spheres cells in serum –free culture
282.75±1.27
P < 0.05
L9981 in serum adherent culture
55.42±1.42
无血清悬浮培养L9981球体细胞株(A)与血清贴壁培养L9981(B)细胞株的transwell侵袭性比较(P < 0.05)The comparison of transwell chamber in-vasion between L9981 spheres cells in serum-free suspension culture (A) and L9981 in serum adherent culture(B)(P < 0.05)L9981球体细胞和含血清贴壁培养的L9981细胞侵袭性比较(Mean±SD,n=3)The comparation of invasion between L9981 spheres cells and L9981 in serum adherent culture
The comparison of transpntation tumor of mice between L9981 spheres cells and L9981 cells in serum adherent culture
Cell concentration injected in nude mice
L9981 spheres cells in serum –free culture
L9981ce l lsinserum adherent culture
Tumor size
P-value
Note: 0/2 behind the number 2 illustrates the nude mice numbers injected, the 0 is the numbers of nude mice with transpntation tumor. "-" illustrates the magnitude of non-inoculated mice (P < 0.05).
Transpntation tumor of mice. A: No tumor formation is observed in B groups of nude mice inoculated with L9981 cells in in serum adherent culture; B: A group of nude mice subcutaneous tumor is observed; C: the removal of the tumor generated in A group of nude mice; D: Morphology of the Transpntation tumor of mice is observed and tumor size is measured.
L9981球体细胞和含血清贴壁培养的L9981细胞的成瘤性比较The comparison of transpntation tumor of mice between L9981 spheres cells and L9981 cells in serum adherent culture裸鼠成瘤情况。A:B组裸鼠接种血清贴壁培养细胞;B:A组活体裸鼠成瘤后均未成瘤可见皮下肿瘤;C:A组裸鼠体内产生肿瘤的摘取;D:摘取后肿瘤的形态和大小。Transpntation tumor of mice. A: No tumor formation is observed in B groups of nude mice inoculated with L9981 cells in in serum adherent culture; B: A group of nude mice subcutaneous tumor is observed; C: the removal of the tumor generated in A group of nude mice; D: Morphology of the Transpntation tumor of mice is observed and tumor size is measured.
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