Cross-linked conjugated polymers for achieving patterned three-color and blue polymer light-emitting diodes with multi-layer structures.

Reactions between the ethylene groups in the backbone of conjugated polymers under UV illumination and heat treatment result in the cross-linking of the main polymer chains. The cross-linking leads to two simultaneous results in the polymer: excellent solvent resistance and increased bandgap. Using this reaction, three-color polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) with a multi-layer structure can be easily realized by a dry photo-pattern in an active-gas-free environment. Multi-layer blue devices with dramatically enhanced efficiency can also be achieved conveniently.