Evolution of Kondo resonance from a single impurity molecule to the two-dimensional lattice.

The successive spectral evolution of the Kondo resonance state was investigated from a single iron(II) phthalocyanine molecule to the two-dimensional lattice on Au(111) by interrogating the individual molecules with a scanning tunneling microscope. A sharp Kondo peak appears in the single-impurity regime, which broadens and splits as the lattice builds up. The origin of spectral evolution together with the electronic ground state of the lattice are discussed based on the competition of the Kondo effect and Rudermann-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida coupling between the molecular spins.