[The capacity of bottle-nosed dolphins for generalization according to a relative sign].

In bottle-nosed dolphins by a new modification of previously suggested method, a conditioned reflex was elaborated and consolidated to a relative spatial sign--choice of always left object from two similar ones in conditions of a permanent change of place of this pair of stimuli against the background of one of the sides of an open-air cage. Specialization of the reflex was checked by presentation of a pair of stimuli under different changes of surroundings, including discordance of external orientors and also the way of stimuli presentation. Then the initial objects were substituted by others (12 pairs of stimuli) sharply differing from the initial ones by the form, size, material etc. Retention of adequate choice also at the change of the medium of stimuli presentation, testified to the ability of dolphins of abstraction and generalization by relative sign, i.e. at the choice from two objects of the type "to the right--to the left in general".