Localized leishmanial lymphadenopathy: an unusual manifestation of leishmaniasis in a traveler in southern Europe.

A 38-year-old male patient presented with enlarged nuchal and sinistral supraclavicular lymph nodes of about 1-month history. He had no further signs or symptoms of disease and was not immunocompromised. His travel history included India, South America, and Africa but only southern Europe during more recent years. Leishmania parasites were histologically detected in a lymph node and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum, the causative species of leishmaniasis in the European Mediterranean area, was identified by PCR and sequencing. Leishmanial infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of localized lymph node enlargement in returnees from endemic countries including southern Europe.