Mass spectrometric determination of IgG subclass-specific glycosylation profiles in siblings discordant for myositis syndromes.

Many autoimmune conditions are believed to result from chronic inflammation as a consequence of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors in susceptible individuals. One common feature in some autoimmune diseases is the decrease in terminal galactosylation of the constant region N-glycan of the total plasma immunoglobulin. To determine whether a similar pattern is characteristic for the autoimmune disorder myositis, we analyzed the antibody subclass specific glycosylation in patients with myositis, their asymptomatic siblings, and healthy unrelated age- and sex-matched controls. The antibody subclass specific glycosylation was determined from the LC-MS analyses of the IgG glycopeptides generated by trypsin digestion of the antibody heavy chain. The glycosylation profiles of the IgG subclasses were determined relative to the total abundance of all glycoforms. We found elevated amounts of glycoforms lacking terminal galactose in myositis patients. Pairwise statistical analyses reveals that galactosylation is statistically different between the myositis patients and control groups. Furthermore, the trend analysis for glycosylation indicates a pattern of decreasing galactosylation in the order controls ≥ siblings ≥ myositis patients, suggesting the existence of a genetic, immune-related predisposition in the group of asymptomatic siblings that can be detected before the onset of clinical symptoms at the level of plasma proteins.