Synchronization of chaotic networks with time-delayed couplings: an analytic study.

Networks of nonlinear units with time-delayed couplings can synchronize to a common chaotic trajectory. Although the delay time may be very large, the units can synchronize completely without time shift. For networks of coupled Bernoulli maps, analytic results are derived for the stability of the chaotic synchronization manifold. For a single delay time, chaos synchronization is related to the spectral gap of the coupling matrix. For networks with multiple delay times, analytic results are obtained from the theory of polynomials. Finally, the analytic results are compared with networks of iterated tent maps and Lang-Kobayashi equations, which imitate the behavior of networks of semiconductor lasers.