Malformations of cortical development.

The advent of high resolution MRI techniques has revolutionized the imaging of cortical malformations. Today, specific gene defects have been identified to be responsible for several of the developmental cortical malformations. In this article we have discussed the developmental cortical malformations under stages of proliferation, migration and organization. The relevant molecular genetics and its relationship to the cortical defects are also outlined. Neuroimaging features and relevant etio-pathogenesis of various cortical malformations are discussed in detail.