AIM: To describe the rate and timing of smoking onset, prolonged abstinence (≥1 year) and relapses from ages 18 to 32 years in initially smoking and non-smoking men. DESIGN: A 23-year longitudinal study. SETTING: Untreated community sample. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 154 American boys were recruited at age 10 years to a larger study (n=206) of delinquency risk; 71 participants who smoked cigarettes and did not use smokeless tobacco and 83 participants who initially did not use tobacco were followed from age 18 to 32 years. MEASUREMENTS: Frequency of tobacco use and weekly cigarettes smoked in the past year were assessed annually. Onset (>6 cigarettes/week), abstinence (0 tobacco uses in the past year) and relapse (>0 cigarettes/week) were tracked annually. FINDINGS: Of smokers, 36% achieved 1 or more years of abstinence by age 32 years; 52% who reached abstinence relapsed at least once. One-half of men who showed onset after age 18 years were smoking at the end of the study, compared to nearly three-quarters of men who were smokers at age 18 years. Risk for relapse following prolonged abstinence was strongest initially and diminished thereafter. Transition probabilities were stronger for the second period of abstinence than for the first. Models were limited by sample size and statistical power. CONCLUSIONS: Relapses continue to erode men's quit success even after long periods of abstinence from smoking. Long-term abstinence, despite intervening relapse, bodes well for eventual abstinence. Adolescent onset appears relevant to the likelihood of adult abstinence and relapse patterns.
AIM: To describe the rate and timing of smoking onset, prolonged abstinence (≥1 year) and relapses from ages 18 to 32 years in initially smoking and non-smoking men. DESIGN: A 23-year longitudinal study. SETTING: Untreated community sample. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 154 American boys were recruited at age 10 years to a larger study (n=206) of delinquency risk; 71 participants who smoked cigarettes and did not use smokeless tobacco and 83 participants who initially did not use tobacco were followed from age 18 to 32 years. MEASUREMENTS: Frequency of tobacco use and weekly cigarettes smoked in the past year were assessed annually. Onset (>6 cigarettes/week), abstinence (0 tobacco uses in the past year) and relapse (>0 cigarettes/week) were tracked annually. FINDINGS: Of smokers, 36% achieved 1 or more years of abstinence by age 32 years; 52% who reached abstinence relapsed at least once. One-half of men who showed onset after age 18 years were smoking at the end of the study, compared to nearly three-quarters of men who were smokers at age 18 years. Risk for relapse following prolonged abstinence was strongest initially and diminished thereafter. Transition probabilities were stronger for the second period of abstinence than for the first. Models were limited by sample size and statistical power. CONCLUSIONS: Relapses continue to erode men's quit success even after long periods of abstinence from smoking. Long-term abstinence, despite intervening relapse, bodes well for eventual abstinence. Adolescent onset appears relevant to the likelihood of adult abstinence and relapse patterns.
Authors: Susan J Curry; Amy K Sporer; Oksana Pugach; Richard T Campbell; Sherry Emery Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2007-06-28 Impact factor: 9.308
Authors: Larry D Jamner; Carol K Whalen; Sandra E Loughlin; Robin Mermelstein; Janet Audrain-McGovern; Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin; John K Worden; Frances M Leslie Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2003-12 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: John R Hughes; Josue P Keely; Ray S Niaura; Deborah J Ossip-Klein; Robyn L Richmond; Gary E Swan Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2003-02 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Jummai Apata; Payam Sheikhattari; Lisa Bleich; Farin Kamangar; Anne Marie O'Keefe; Fernando A Wagner Journal: J Community Health Date: 2019-10
Authors: Brian M D'Onofrio; Martin E Rickert; Niklas Langström; Kelly L Donahue; Claire A Coyne; Henrik Larsson; Jarrod M Ellingson; Carol A Van Hulle; Anastasia N Iliadou; Paul J Rathouz; Benjamin B Lahey; Paul Lichtenstein Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2012-11