Literature DB >> 21579106

Ethenzamide-gentisic acid-acetic acid (2/1/1).

Srinivasulu Aitipamula, Pui Shan Chow, Reginald B H Tan.   

Abstract

In the title co-crystal solvate, 2-ethoxy-benzamide-2,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid-ethanoic acid (2/1/1), 2C(9)H(11)NO(2)·C(7)H(6)O(4)·C(2)H(4)O(2), two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ethenzamide (systematic name: 2-ethoxy-benzamide) and gentisic acid (systematic name: 2,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid), together with acetic acid (systematic name: ethanoic acid) form a four-component mol-ecular assembly held together by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. This assembly features two symmetry-independent mol-ecules of ethenzamide, forming supra-molecular acid-amide heterosynthons with gentisic acid and acetic acid. These heterosynthons involve quite strong O-H⋯O [O⋯O = 2.5446 (15) and 2.5327 (15) Å] and less strong N-H⋯O [N⋯O = 2.9550 (17) and 2.9542 (17) Å] hydrogen bonds. The overall crystal packing features several C-H⋯O and π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.7792 (11) Å].

Entities:  

Year:  2010        PMID: 21579106      PMCID: PMC2979229          DOI: 10.1107/S1600536810012407

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online        ISSN: 1600-5368


Related literature

For information on three polymorphs of a 1:1 co-crystal involving ethenzamide and gentisic acid, see: Aitipamula et al. (2009a ▶). For other co-crystals of ethenzamide, see: Aitipamula et al. (2009b ▶); Moribe et al. (2004 ▶). For related information on the drug activity of ethenzamide, see: Hirasawa et al. (1999 ▶). For the crystal structure of ethenzamide, see: Pagola & Stephens (2009 ▶). For related information on the drug activity of gentisic acid, see: Lorico et al. (1986 ▶). For more information on the supra­molecular heterosynthons, see: Fleischman et al. (2003 ▶). For reviews on pharmaceutical co-crystals, see: Schultheiss & Newman (2009 ▶); Almarsson & Zaworotko (2004 ▶). For more information on the hydrogen bonding, see: Desiraju & Steiner (1999 ▶).

Experimental

Crystal data

2C9H11NO2·C7H6O4·C2H4O2 M = 544.55 Triclinic, a = 8.8083 (18) Å b = 8.8802 (18) Å c = 19.880 (4) Å α = 93.65 (3)° β = 93.55 (3)° γ = 119.45 (3)° V = 1343.5 (6) Å3 Z = 2 Mo Kα radiation μ = 0.10 mm−1 T = 110 K 0.33 × 0.29 × 0.22 mm

Data collection

Rigaku Saturn CCD area-detector diffractometer Absorption correction: multi-scan (Blessing, 1995 ▶) T min = 0.967, T max = 0.978 19296 measured reflections 6594 independent reflections 6074 reflections with I > 2σ(I) R int = 0.025

Refinement

R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)] = 0.050 wR(F 2) = 0.135 S = 1.11 6594 reflections 380 parameters H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement Δρmax = 0.25 e Å−3 Δρmin = −0.23 e Å−3 Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2008 ▶); cell refinement: CrystalClear; data reduction: CrystalClear; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); molecular graphics: X-SEED (Barbour, 2001 ▶); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶) and PLATON (Spek, 2009 ▶). Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536810012407/fb2192sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablocks I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536810012407/fb2192Isup2.hkl Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
2C9H11NO2·C7H6O4·C2H4O2Z = 2
Mr = 544.55F(000) = 576
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.346 Mg m3
Hall symbol: -P 1Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 8.8083 (18) ÅCell parameters from 3760 reflections
b = 8.8802 (18) Åθ = 2.1–31.0°
c = 19.880 (4) ŵ = 0.10 mm1
α = 93.65 (3)°T = 110 K
β = 93.55 (3)°Block, yellow
γ = 119.45 (3)°0.33 × 0.29 × 0.22 mm
V = 1343.5 (6) Å3
Rigaku Saturn CCD area-detector diffractometer6594 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube6074 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
graphiteRint = 0.025
ω scansθmax = 28.3°, θmin = 2.1°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (Blessing, 1995)h = −11→11
Tmin = 0.967, Tmax = 0.978k = −11→9
19296 measured reflectionsl = −26→24
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.050H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F2) = 0.135w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0677P)2 + 0.2882P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.11(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
6594 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.25 e Å3
380 parametersΔρmin = −0.23 e Å3
0 restraintsExtinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsExtinction coefficient: 0.0054 (18)
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
O40.18598 (11)0.96579 (12)0.43017 (5)0.0280 (2)
O91.05478 (12)0.54627 (13)0.63748 (5)0.0319 (2)
O3−0.22283 (12)0.57234 (13)0.51754 (5)0.0324 (2)
O100.76432 (12)0.38996 (13)0.61300 (5)0.0316 (2)
H200.781 (2)0.464 (3)0.5756 (10)0.047*
N20.06949 (14)0.72419 (16)0.51542 (6)0.0281 (2)
H100.079 (2)0.668 (2)0.5509 (9)0.034*
H70.159 (2)0.811 (2)0.5000 (9)0.034*
C16−0.09157 (16)0.68847 (16)0.49396 (6)0.0249 (2)
C110.01615 (16)0.92217 (16)0.41021 (6)0.0251 (3)
C12−0.02542 (17)1.00581 (18)0.36157 (7)0.0295 (3)
H120.06541.09580.34090.035*
C180.49661 (17)1.13984 (19)0.43493 (7)0.0325 (3)
H18A0.50371.16040.48430.049*
H18B0.59321.24030.41800.049*
H18C0.50501.03560.42290.049*
C170.32440 (16)1.11405 (17)0.40346 (7)0.0285 (3)
H17A0.31501.21910.41490.034*
H17B0.31551.09250.35350.034*
C10−0.11871 (16)0.78677 (16)0.44080 (6)0.0246 (2)
C15−0.29227 (16)0.74279 (17)0.42099 (7)0.0277 (3)
H15−0.38440.65260.44110.033*
C13−0.19922 (18)0.95831 (18)0.34313 (7)0.0308 (3)
H13−0.22641.01620.30990.037*
C260.91047 (17)0.43317 (17)0.65051 (7)0.0283 (3)
C14−0.33339 (17)0.82690 (18)0.37295 (7)0.0308 (3)
H14−0.45210.79510.36050.037*
C270.8867 (2)0.3342 (2)0.71097 (8)0.0371 (3)
H27A0.98740.31680.71990.056*
H27B0.77910.22090.70200.056*
H27C0.87800.40010.75050.056*
O10.91975 (12)0.71644 (12)1.01611 (5)0.0296 (2)
O20.45825 (12)0.67508 (13)0.93005 (5)0.0298 (2)
C10.66698 (16)0.57974 (16)0.93614 (6)0.0247 (2)
N10.75912 (17)0.84922 (16)1.00868 (6)0.0322 (3)
H10.656 (2)0.845 (2)0.9926 (9)0.039*
H20.829 (2)0.926 (2)1.0438 (9)0.039*
C70.78960 (16)0.72148 (16)0.98983 (6)0.0254 (2)
C20.50360 (17)0.55485 (16)0.90874 (6)0.0262 (3)
C60.71780 (18)0.46025 (17)0.91414 (7)0.0291 (3)
H60.82780.47600.93210.035*
C80.28786 (17)0.65018 (19)0.90704 (7)0.0316 (3)
H8A0.19400.54340.92280.038*
H8B0.27100.63940.85690.038*
C90.2832 (2)0.8079 (2)0.93678 (8)0.0388 (3)
H9A0.30250.81810.98630.058*
H9B0.16870.79610.92320.058*
H9C0.37550.91230.92010.058*
C40.44999 (19)0.29481 (18)0.84136 (7)0.0344 (3)
H40.37590.19740.80930.041*
C30.39524 (18)0.41077 (18)0.86209 (7)0.0314 (3)
H30.28390.39210.84450.038*
C50.61151 (19)0.31929 (18)0.86680 (7)0.0330 (3)
H50.64890.24020.85190.040*
O80.70122 (13)0.23351 (13)0.25999 (5)0.0327 (2)
H190.784 (3)0.317 (3)0.2955 (10)0.049*
O60.13707 (13)−0.09895 (13)0.11728 (5)0.0319 (2)
H110.039 (3)−0.166 (3)0.0787 (10)0.048*
O5−0.01505 (12)0.03810 (13)0.13600 (5)0.0327 (2)
O70.10781 (13)0.29851 (13)0.23160 (5)0.0325 (2)
H160.033 (3)0.217 (3)0.1981 (10)0.049*
C240.41450 (17)0.13298 (16)0.20904 (6)0.0254 (2)
H240.42100.04170.18420.030*
C220.54594 (17)0.38590 (17)0.29022 (6)0.0285 (3)
H220.64320.46910.32070.034*
C230.55542 (16)0.25175 (17)0.25389 (6)0.0264 (3)
C190.26205 (16)0.14500 (16)0.19962 (6)0.0248 (2)
C250.11617 (17)0.02315 (16)0.14875 (6)0.0262 (3)
C210.39528 (17)0.39826 (17)0.28208 (7)0.0285 (3)
H210.38940.48900.30760.034*
C200.25202 (17)0.27906 (17)0.23681 (6)0.0263 (3)
U11U22U33U12U13U23
O40.0206 (4)0.0310 (5)0.0326 (5)0.0122 (4)0.0044 (3)0.0081 (4)
O90.0255 (4)0.0373 (5)0.0296 (5)0.0130 (4)0.0020 (3)0.0044 (4)
O30.0221 (4)0.0334 (5)0.0383 (5)0.0106 (4)0.0038 (4)0.0089 (4)
O100.0241 (4)0.0338 (5)0.0340 (5)0.0119 (4)0.0045 (4)0.0054 (4)
N20.0215 (5)0.0322 (6)0.0288 (5)0.0116 (4)0.0025 (4)0.0071 (4)
C160.0222 (5)0.0254 (6)0.0258 (6)0.0112 (5)0.0028 (4)−0.0010 (4)
C110.0230 (5)0.0271 (6)0.0257 (6)0.0136 (5)0.0007 (4)−0.0018 (5)
C120.0292 (6)0.0305 (6)0.0301 (6)0.0160 (5)0.0026 (5)0.0035 (5)
C180.0246 (6)0.0338 (7)0.0383 (7)0.0130 (5)0.0055 (5)0.0097 (6)
C170.0243 (6)0.0285 (6)0.0314 (6)0.0115 (5)0.0059 (5)0.0068 (5)
C100.0234 (6)0.0246 (6)0.0251 (6)0.0121 (5)0.0010 (4)−0.0025 (4)
C150.0234 (6)0.0258 (6)0.0308 (6)0.0111 (5)−0.0010 (5)−0.0037 (5)
C130.0327 (7)0.0301 (7)0.0317 (6)0.0185 (5)−0.0046 (5)−0.0006 (5)
C260.0293 (6)0.0302 (6)0.0275 (6)0.0166 (5)0.0049 (5)0.0002 (5)
C140.0254 (6)0.0301 (7)0.0359 (7)0.0149 (5)−0.0050 (5)−0.0040 (5)
C270.0446 (8)0.0372 (8)0.0330 (7)0.0220 (6)0.0083 (6)0.0079 (6)
O10.0282 (4)0.0290 (5)0.0326 (5)0.0159 (4)−0.0005 (4)−0.0008 (4)
O20.0302 (5)0.0331 (5)0.0305 (5)0.0195 (4)0.0020 (4)0.0017 (4)
C10.0276 (6)0.0228 (6)0.0231 (6)0.0117 (5)0.0045 (4)0.0048 (4)
N10.0356 (6)0.0299 (6)0.0338 (6)0.0201 (5)−0.0035 (5)−0.0042 (5)
C70.0280 (6)0.0238 (6)0.0253 (6)0.0130 (5)0.0050 (4)0.0054 (4)
C20.0299 (6)0.0275 (6)0.0235 (6)0.0154 (5)0.0062 (5)0.0060 (5)
C60.0309 (6)0.0281 (6)0.0306 (6)0.0162 (5)0.0053 (5)0.0039 (5)
C80.0275 (6)0.0372 (7)0.0342 (7)0.0186 (6)0.0047 (5)0.0091 (5)
C90.0370 (7)0.0420 (8)0.0474 (8)0.0261 (7)0.0089 (6)0.0101 (6)
C40.0375 (7)0.0292 (7)0.0298 (7)0.0123 (6)0.0017 (5)−0.0008 (5)
C30.0299 (6)0.0316 (7)0.0290 (6)0.0126 (5)0.0018 (5)0.0025 (5)
C50.0391 (7)0.0288 (7)0.0332 (7)0.0188 (6)0.0052 (5)−0.0001 (5)
O80.0291 (5)0.0363 (5)0.0357 (5)0.0198 (4)−0.0039 (4)−0.0006 (4)
O60.0344 (5)0.0295 (5)0.0336 (5)0.0193 (4)−0.0058 (4)−0.0050 (4)
O50.0278 (5)0.0350 (5)0.0357 (5)0.0176 (4)−0.0032 (4)−0.0034 (4)
O70.0290 (5)0.0329 (5)0.0383 (5)0.0185 (4)0.0006 (4)−0.0026 (4)
C240.0287 (6)0.0240 (6)0.0249 (6)0.0141 (5)0.0025 (4)0.0037 (4)
C220.0297 (6)0.0260 (6)0.0257 (6)0.0110 (5)0.0007 (5)0.0016 (5)
C230.0260 (6)0.0278 (6)0.0266 (6)0.0142 (5)0.0021 (4)0.0054 (5)
C190.0255 (6)0.0235 (6)0.0243 (6)0.0113 (5)0.0019 (4)0.0037 (4)
C250.0271 (6)0.0255 (6)0.0266 (6)0.0135 (5)0.0029 (4)0.0040 (5)
C210.0314 (6)0.0254 (6)0.0287 (6)0.0142 (5)0.0034 (5)0.0012 (5)
C200.0269 (6)0.0264 (6)0.0270 (6)0.0138 (5)0.0045 (4)0.0051 (5)
O4—C111.3720 (15)C1—C71.4965 (19)
O4—C171.4466 (16)N1—C71.3256 (17)
O9—C261.2289 (17)N1—H10.930 (19)
O3—C161.2555 (16)N1—H20.90 (2)
O10—C261.3112 (17)C2—C31.395 (2)
O10—H200.99 (2)C6—C51.385 (2)
N2—C161.3269 (16)C6—H60.9500
N2—H100.913 (18)C8—C91.506 (2)
N2—H70.879 (18)C8—H8A0.9900
C16—C101.4924 (19)C8—H8B0.9900
C11—C121.3913 (19)C9—H9A0.9800
C11—C101.4159 (18)C9—H9B0.9800
C12—C131.3899 (18)C9—H9C0.9800
C12—H120.9500C4—C51.386 (2)
C18—C171.5058 (18)C4—C31.386 (2)
C18—H18A0.9800C4—H40.9500
C18—H18B0.9800C3—H30.9500
C18—H18C0.9800C5—H50.9500
C17—H17A0.9900O8—C231.3705 (16)
C17—H17B0.9900O8—H190.96 (2)
C10—C151.4012 (17)O6—C251.3134 (16)
C15—C141.384 (2)O6—H111.02 (2)
C15—H150.9500O5—C251.2397 (16)
C13—C141.389 (2)O7—C201.3622 (16)
C13—H130.9500O7—H160.90 (2)
C26—C271.499 (2)C24—C231.3798 (19)
C14—H140.9500C24—C191.4007 (18)
C27—H27A0.9800C24—H240.9500
C27—H27B0.9800C22—C211.3849 (19)
C27—H27C0.9800C22—C231.3941 (19)
O1—C71.2523 (16)C22—H220.9500
O2—C21.3644 (16)C19—C201.4040 (18)
O2—C81.4444 (16)C19—C251.4756 (19)
C1—C61.3963 (18)C21—C201.3955 (19)
C1—C21.4112 (18)C21—H210.9500
C11—O4—C17117.67 (10)O1—C7—N1121.31 (12)
C26—O10—H20113.5 (11)O1—C7—C1118.85 (12)
C16—N2—H10116.3 (11)N1—C7—C1119.85 (12)
C16—N2—H7119.0 (11)O2—C2—C3122.70 (12)
H10—N2—H7123.8 (16)O2—C2—C1117.45 (11)
O3—C16—N2121.07 (12)C3—C2—C1119.85 (12)
O3—C16—C10119.00 (11)C5—C6—C1121.49 (13)
N2—C16—C10119.93 (12)C5—C6—H6119.3
O4—C11—C12122.18 (12)C1—C6—H6119.3
O4—C11—C10117.69 (11)O2—C8—C9106.37 (12)
C12—C11—C10120.13 (12)O2—C8—H8A110.5
C13—C12—C11120.32 (13)C9—C8—H8A110.5
C13—C12—H12119.8O2—C8—H8B110.5
C11—C12—H12119.8C9—C8—H8B110.5
C17—C18—H18A109.5H8A—C8—H8B108.6
C17—C18—H18B109.5C8—C9—H9A109.5
H18A—C18—H18B109.5C8—C9—H9B109.5
C17—C18—H18C109.5H9A—C9—H9B109.5
H18A—C18—H18C109.5C8—C9—H9C109.5
H18B—C18—H18C109.5H9A—C9—H9C109.5
O4—C17—C18107.57 (11)H9B—C9—H9C109.5
O4—C17—H17A110.2C5—C4—C3120.78 (13)
C18—C17—H17A110.2C5—C4—H4119.6
O4—C17—H17B110.2C3—C4—H4119.6
C18—C17—H17B110.2C4—C3—C2120.05 (13)
H17A—C17—H17B108.5C4—C3—H3120.0
C15—C10—C11117.89 (12)C2—C3—H3120.0
C15—C10—C16116.73 (12)C6—C5—C4119.29 (13)
C11—C10—C16125.37 (11)C6—C5—H5120.4
C14—C15—C10121.93 (13)C4—C5—H5120.4
C14—C15—H15119.0C23—O8—H19109.3 (12)
C10—C15—H15119.0C25—O6—H11110.3 (11)
C14—C13—C12120.47 (13)C20—O7—H16105.4 (13)
C14—C13—H13119.8C23—C24—C19120.98 (12)
C12—C13—H13119.8C23—C24—H24119.5
O9—C26—O10122.84 (13)C19—C24—H24119.5
O9—C26—C27122.78 (13)C21—C22—C23120.24 (12)
O10—C26—C27114.38 (12)C21—C22—H22119.9
C15—C14—C13119.25 (12)C23—C22—H22119.9
C15—C14—H14120.4O8—C23—C24117.91 (12)
C13—C14—H14120.4O8—C23—C22122.62 (12)
C26—C27—H27A109.5C24—C23—C22119.46 (12)
C26—C27—H27B109.5C24—C19—C20119.47 (12)
H27A—C27—H27B109.5C24—C19—C25120.45 (12)
C26—C27—H27C109.5C20—C19—C25120.02 (12)
H27A—C27—H27C109.5O5—C25—O6122.74 (12)
H27B—C27—H27C109.5O5—C25—C19121.85 (12)
C2—O2—C8119.79 (11)O6—C25—C19115.40 (11)
C6—C1—C2118.51 (12)C22—C21—C20120.82 (12)
C6—C1—C7116.30 (12)C22—C21—H21119.6
C2—C1—C7125.14 (12)C20—C21—H21119.6
C7—N1—H1120.7 (11)O7—C20—C21117.69 (12)
C7—N1—H2117.4 (12)O7—C20—C19123.28 (12)
H1—N1—H2120.6 (16)C21—C20—C19119.02 (12)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N1—H1···O20.926 (19)1.941 (18)2.6472 (19)131.6 (14)
N1—H2···O5i0.90 (2)2.085 (18)2.9550 (17)163.0 (15)
N2—H7···O40.879 (18)1.959 (17)2.6536 (16)135.0 (17)
N2—H10···O9ii0.912 (18)2.057 (17)2.9542 (17)167.4 (17)
O6—H11···O1iii1.02 (2)1.53 (2)2.5327 (15)167.0 (18)
O7—H16···O50.90 (2)1.80 (2)2.6183 (15)149 (3)
O8—H19···O9iv0.96 (2)1.77 (2)2.7231 (16)173 (2)
O10—H20···O3v0.99 (2)1.56 (2)2.5446 (15)171 (2)
C8—H8A···O1vi0.992.463.3768 (19)154
C13—H13···O8vii0.952.553.452 (2)159
C14—H14···O10viii0.952.533.348 (2)145
Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯AD—HH⋯ADAD—H⋯A
N1—H1⋯O20.926 (19)1.941 (18)2.6472 (19)131.6 (14)
N1—H2⋯O5i0.90 (2)2.085 (18)2.9550 (17)163.0 (15)
N2—H7⋯O40.879 (18)1.959 (17)2.6536 (16)135.0 (17)
N2—H10⋯O9ii0.912 (18)2.057 (17)2.9542 (17)167.4 (17)
O6—H11⋯O1iii1.02 (2)1.53 (2)2.5327 (15)167.0 (18)
O7—H16⋯O50.90 (2)1.80 (2)2.6183 (15)149 (3)
O8—H19⋯O9iv0.96 (2)1.77 (2)2.7231 (16)173 (2)
O10—H20⋯O3v0.99 (2)1.56 (2)2.5446 (15)171 (2)
C8—H8A⋯O1vi0.992.463.3768 (19)154
C13—H13⋯O8vii0.952.553.452 (2)159
C14—H14⋯O10viii0.952.533.348 (2)145

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) ; (v) ; (vi) ; (vii) ; (viii) .

  9 in total

1.  Crystal engineering of the composition of pharmaceutical phases. Do pharmaceutical co-crystals represent a new path to improved medicines?

Authors:  Orn Almarsson; Michael J Zaworotko
Journal:  Chem Commun (Camb)       Date:  2004-08-05       Impact factor: 6.222

2.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

3.  Herringbone array of hydrogen-bonded ribbons in 2-ethoxybenzamide from high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction.

Authors:  Silvina Pagola; Peter W Stephens
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C       Date:  2009-10-17       Impact factor: 1.172

4.  Gentisic acid: an aspirin metabolite with multiple effects on human blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Authors:  A Lorico; P Masturzo; S Villa; M Salmona; N Semeraro; G de Gaetano
Journal:  Biochem Pharmacol       Date:  1986-07-15       Impact factor: 5.858

5.  Lactose as a low molecular weight carrier of solid dispersions for carbamazepine and ethenzamide.

Authors:  N Hirasawa; H Okamoto; K Danjo
Journal:  Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)       Date:  1999-03       Impact factor: 1.645

6.  An empirical correction for absorption anisotropy.

Authors:  R H Blessing
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  1995-01-01       Impact factor: 2.290

7.  Grinding-induced equimolar complex formation between thiourea and ethenzamide.

Authors:  Kunikazu Moribe; Masami Tsuchiya; Yuichi Tozuka; Kentaro Yamaguchi; Toshio Oguchi; Keiji Yamamoto
Journal:  Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)       Date:  2004-05       Impact factor: 1.645

8.  Pharmaceutical Cocrystals and Their Physicochemical Properties.

Authors:  Nate Schultheiss; Ann Newman
Journal:  Cryst Growth Des       Date:  2009-04-20       Impact factor: 4.076

9.  Structure validation in chemical crystallography.

Authors:  Anthony L Spek
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr       Date:  2009-01-20
  9 in total

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