BACKGROUND: Leprosy occurs rarely in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. In contrast to tuberculosis, there has been no report to date of an increase in HIV prevalence among patients with leprosy or of differences in leprosy's clinical spectrum. While several studies describe the systemic immune response profile in patients co-infected with HIV and leprosy, the local immune skin response has been evaluated in only a small number of case reports and limited series of patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interaction between Mycobacterium leprae and HIV infection in the skin. METHODS: We investigated the presence and frequency of cells positive for CD4, CD8, CD20, TIA-1, FOXP3 and CD123 in lymphocytic infiltrates from 16 skin biopsies taken from 15 patients with HIV-leprosy co-infection. RESULTS: CD4+ cells were absent in infiltrates from 6 (38%) skin biopsies and present in 10 (62%) cases at low levels (<1·16%) of the lymphocytic infiltrate. CD8+ was the predominant phenotype in the infiltrate (99·4%), followed by TIA-1, expressed by >75% of CD8+ cells. FOXP3+ cells were also present, representing 3·4% of the lymphocytic infiltrate. CD20+ cells were detected in 75% of the cases; however, in two cases (12%) these cells represented 25-50% of the infiltrate, while in the other 10 cases (62%) they were present only focally (<25% of the infiltrate). CD123+ cells were not observed in any of the studied specimens. CONCLUSIONS: Data presented here suggest that cell-mediated immune responses to M. leprae are preserved at the site of disease and that in the absence of CD4+ cells, CD8+FOXP3+ and CD20+ cells may be involved in granuloma formation.
BACKGROUND:Leprosy occurs rarely in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positivepatients. In contrast to tuberculosis, there has been no report to date of an increase in HIV prevalence among patients with leprosy or of differences in leprosy's clinical spectrum. While several studies describe the systemic immune response profile in patients co-infected with HIV and leprosy, the local immune skin response has been evaluated in only a small number of case reports and limited series of patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interaction between Mycobacterium leprae and HIV infection in the skin. METHODS: We investigated the presence and frequency of cells positive for CD4, CD8, CD20, TIA-1, FOXP3 and CD123 in lymphocytic infiltrates from 16 skin biopsies taken from 15 patients with HIV-leprosy co-infection. RESULTS:CD4+ cells were absent in infiltrates from 6 (38%) skin biopsies and present in 10 (62%) cases at low levels (<1·16%) of the lymphocytic infiltrate. CD8+ was the predominant phenotype in the infiltrate (99·4%), followed by TIA-1, expressed by >75% of CD8+ cells. FOXP3+ cells were also present, representing 3·4% of the lymphocytic infiltrate. CD20+ cells were detected in 75% of the cases; however, in two cases (12%) these cells represented 25-50% of the infiltrate, while in the other 10 cases (62%) they were present only focally (<25% of the infiltrate). CD123+ cells were not observed in any of the studied specimens. CONCLUSIONS: Data presented here suggest that cell-mediated immune responses to M. leprae are preserved at the site of disease and that in the absence of CD4+ cells, CD8+FOXP3+ and CD20+ cells may be involved in granuloma formation.
Authors: Ariane Leite de Oliveira; Thaís Porto Amadeu; Andressa Cristina de França Gomes; Vinícius Martins Menezes; José Augusto da Costa Nery; Roberta Olmo Pinheiro; Euzenir Nunes Sarno Journal: Immunology Date: 2013-09 Impact factor: 7.397
Authors: Carmem Beatriz Wagner Giacoia-Gripp; Anna Maria Sales; José Augusto da Costa Nery; Joanna Reis Santos-Oliveira; Ariane Leite de Oliveira; Euzenir Nunes Sarno; Mariza Gonçalves Morgado Journal: PLoS One Date: 2011-12-21 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Carla Andréa Avelar Pires; Mario Fernando Ribeiro de Miranda; Maraya de Jesus Semblano Bittencourt; Arival Cardoso de Brito; Marília Brasil Xavier Journal: An Bras Dermatol Date: 2015 Jan-Feb Impact factor: 1.896
Authors: Adriana Barbosa de Lima Fonseca; Marise do Vale Simon; Rodrigo Anselmo Cazzaniga; Tatiana Rodrigues de Moura; Roque Pacheco de Almeida; Malcolm S Duthie; Steven G Reed; Amelia Ribeiro de Jesus Journal: Infect Dis Poverty Date: 2017-02-06 Impact factor: 4.520
Authors: Marília Brasil Xavier; Carla Andréa Avelar Pires; Cláudia Maria de Castro Gomes; Gabriela Fernandes Rodrigues; Débora Pinheiro Xavier; João Augusto Gomes de Souza Monteiro de Brito; Carlos Eduardo Pereira Corbett Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2021-11-08