OBJECTIVE: Both the prevalence and incidence of HIV infection among older adults are on the rise. Older adults are at increased risk of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, which have historically been characterized as an inconsistent or "spotty" pattern of deficits. Dispersion is a form of intraindividual variability (IIV) that is defined as within-person variability in performance across domains and has been associated with poorer neurocognitive functioning and incipient decline among healthy older adults. To our knowledge, no studies have yet examined dispersion in an aging HIV-infected sample. METHOD: For the current study we examined the hypothesis that age and HIV infection have synergistic effects on dispersion across a battery of clinical and experimental cognitive tasks. Our well-characterized sample comprised 126 HIV-seropositive individuals (HIV+) and 40 HIV-seronegative comparison individuals (HIV-), all of whom were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. RESULTS: Consistent with our hypothesis, an age by HIV serostatus interaction was observed, with the older HIV+ group demonstrating a higher level of dispersion relative to older HIV- and younger HIV+ individuals, even when potentially confounding demographic and medical factors were controlled. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that older HIV+ adults produce greater dispersion, or intraindividual variability in performance across a range of tests, which may be reflective of cognitive dyscontrol to which this population is vulnerable, perhaps driven by the combined effects of aging and HIV infection on prefrontostriatal systems. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved.
OBJECTIVE: Both the prevalence and incidence of HIV infection among older adults are on the rise. Older adults are at increased risk of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, which have historically been characterized as an inconsistent or "spotty" pattern of deficits. Dispersion is a form of intraindividual variability (IIV) that is defined as within-person variability in performance across domains and has been associated with poorer neurocognitive functioning and incipient decline among healthy older adults. To our knowledge, no studies have yet examined dispersion in an aging HIV-infected sample. METHOD: For the current study we examined the hypothesis that age and HIV infection have synergistic effects on dispersion across a battery of clinical and experimental cognitive tasks. Our well-characterized sample comprised 126 HIV-seropositive individuals (HIV+) and 40 HIV-seronegative comparison individuals (HIV-), all of whom were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. RESULTS: Consistent with our hypothesis, an age by HIV serostatus interaction was observed, with the older HIV+ group demonstrating a higher level of dispersion relative to older HIV- and younger HIV+ individuals, even when potentially confounding demographic and medical factors were controlled. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that older HIV+ adults produce greater dispersion, or intraindividual variability in performance across a range of tests, which may be reflective of cognitive dyscontrol to which this population is vulnerable, perhaps driven by the combined effects of aging and HIV infection on prefrontostriatal systems. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved.
Authors: Terry R Barclay; Charles H Hinkin; Steven A Castellon; Karen I Mason; Matthew J Reinhard; Sarah D Marion; Andrew J Levine; Ramani S Durvasula Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2007-01 Impact factor: 4.267
Authors: A Antinori; G Arendt; J T Becker; B J Brew; D A Byrd; M Cherner; D B Clifford; P Cinque; L G Epstein; K Goodkin; M Gisslen; I Grant; R K Heaton; J Joseph; K Marder; C M Marra; J C McArthur; M Nunn; R W Price; L Pulliam; K R Robertson; N Sacktor; V Valcour; V E Wojna Journal: Neurology Date: 2007-10-03 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Ned Sacktor; Richard Skolasky; Ola A Selnes; Michael Watters; Pamela Poff; Bruce Shiramizu; Cecilia Shikuma; Victor Valcour Journal: J Neurovirol Date: 2007-06 Impact factor: 2.643
Authors: Scott Letendre; Jennifer Marquie-Beck; Edmund Capparelli; Brookie Best; David Clifford; Ann C Collier; Benjamin B Gelman; Justin C McArthur; J Allen McCutchan; Susan Morgello; David Simpson; Igor Grant; Ronald J Ellis Journal: Arch Neurol Date: 2008-01
Authors: Krishnan Bhaskaran; Cristina Mussini; Andrea Antinori; Ann Sarah Walker; Maria Dorrucci; Caroline Sabin; Andrew Phillips; Kholoud Porter Journal: Ann Neurol Date: 2008-02 Impact factor: 10.422
Authors: Erin E Morgan; Steven Paul Woods; Alexandra Rooney; William Perry; Igor Grant; Scott L Letendre Journal: Clin Neuropsychol Date: 2012-04-26 Impact factor: 3.535
Authors: Katherine J Bangen; Alexandra J Weigand; Kelsey R Thomas; Lisa Delano-Wood; Lindsay R Clark; Joel Eppig; Madeleine L Werhane; Emily C Edmonds; Mark W Bondi Journal: Neuropsychology Date: 2019-03-21 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Joseph D Harrison; Jessica A Dochney; Sonja Blazekovic; Frank Leone; David Metzger; Ian Frank; Robert Gross; Anita Hole; Karam Mounzer; Steven Siegel; Robert A Schnoll; Rebecca L Ashare Journal: J Neurovirol Date: 2017-04-20 Impact factor: 2.643
Authors: Sapna M Patel; April D Thames; Natalie Arbid; Stella E Panos; Steven Castellon; Charles H Hinkin Journal: J Clin Exp Neuropsychol Date: 2013-04-03 Impact factor: 2.475
Authors: Vanessa Pirrone; David J Libon; Christian Sell; Chad A Lerner; Michael R Nonnemacher; Brian Wigdahl Journal: Future Virol Date: 2013-01 Impact factor: 1.831