Peritoneal dialysis, an expanding mode of renal replacement therapy in Qatar.

Qatar is one of the gulf countries with a current estimated population of 1.4 million. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and chronic kidney diseases are major emerging epidemics, with an incidence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) of 202 patients per million population per year. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) was initiated in Qatar in 1997 with a rapid expansion in the number of patients. The study included all patients performing PD in Qatar, during the period from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2007. Retrospective analysis of data included the records of 241 patients in terms of their demography, treatment, complications, and survival. During the study period, PD patients formed 23% of all the dialysis population in Qatar, with a mean annual expansion rate of 12%. Diabetic nephropathy was the commonest cause of ESKD seen in 43% of PD patients. All age groups were included in our program, with a mean age of 53 ± 13 years. Males represented 74%. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis remained the initial mode of PD, with significant numbers being changed to automated PD over the years. The 1- and 5-year survival rates were 91% and 26%, respectively, with cardiac causes being responsible for 86% of mortality. The rate of peritonitis was 0.24 ± 0.1 episodes per patient years, and technique survival at 1 and 5 year was 84% and 32%, respectively. We conclude that the components of the PD program in Qatar are comparable to that in other countries with a good outcome.