BACKGROUND: Facial "rejuvenation" procedures make an implicit claim to provide a more youthful appearance. However, any benefit from such procedures has not been objectively evaluated and validated. This study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of facial rejuvenation using a deep-plane facelift and other cosmetic procedures. METHODS: Seventy-five patients were included in the study - 71 consecutive patients who met the study criteria and four controls. Inclusion criteria included at least 6 months' follow-up, standardized photos with no makeup or jewelry, and no subsequent cosmetic procedures. Simultaneous procedures included submental lipectomy, fat injection, laser skin resurfacing, blepharoplasty, endoscopic forehead lift, and chin/jowl augmentation. Photographs were judged by 198 independent members of the public who were asked to rate apparent age. RESULTS: The mean reduction in apparent age for all surgical patients was 6.0 years (range 0.8-14.2 years) versus no change for the control patients (p < 0.01). The average reduction in apparent age after a facelift alone was 4.6 years. Laser resurfacing provided 2.5 years of apparent age reduction (p < 0.05). Eyelid surgery and an endoscopic forehead lift each contributed a 2-year reduction in apparent age (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference when patients were compared by gender, age, body mass index, or facial shape. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide the first objective evidence that cosmetic surgery (or any intervention, surgical or otherwise) is effective in providing a more youthful appearance. Facelift, laser resurfacing, blepharoplasty, and endoscopic forehead lift all significantly contribute to a reduction in apparent age.
BACKGROUND: Facial "rejuvenation" procedures make an implicit claim to provide a more youthful appearance. However, any benefit from such procedures has not been objectively evaluated and validated. This study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of facial rejuvenation using a deep-plane facelift and other cosmetic procedures. METHODS: Seventy-five patients were included in the study - 71 consecutive patients who met the study criteria and four controls. Inclusion criteria included at least 6 months' follow-up, standardized photos with no makeup or jewelry, and no subsequent cosmetic procedures. Simultaneous procedures included submental lipectomy, fat injection, laser skin resurfacing, blepharoplasty, endoscopic forehead lift, and chin/jowl augmentation. Photographs were judged by 198 independent members of the public who were asked to rate apparent age. RESULTS: The mean reduction in apparent age for all surgical patients was 6.0 years (range 0.8-14.2 years) versus no change for the control patients (p < 0.01). The average reduction in apparent age after a facelift alone was 4.6 years. Laser resurfacing provided 2.5 years of apparent age reduction (p < 0.05). Eyelid surgery and an endoscopic forehead lift each contributed a 2-year reduction in apparent age (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference when patients were compared by gender, age, body mass index, or facial shape. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide the first objective evidence that cosmetic surgery (or any intervention, surgical or otherwise) is effective in providing a more youthful appearance. Facelift, laser resurfacing, blepharoplasty, and endoscopic forehead lift all significantly contribute to a reduction in apparent age.
Authors: Kristin L Bater; Lisa E Ishii; Ira D Papel; Theda C Kontis; Patrick J Byrne; Kofi D O Boahene; Jason C Nellis; Masaru Ishii Journal: JAMA Facial Plast Surg Date: 2017-09-01 Impact factor: 4.611
Authors: Jason C Nellis; Masaru Ishii; Ira D Papel; Theda C Kontis; Patrick J Byrne; Kofi D O Boahene; Kristin L Bater; Lisa E Ishii Journal: JAMA Facial Plast Surg Date: 2017-07-01 Impact factor: 4.611
Authors: Kristin L Bater; Masaru Ishii; Jason C Nellis; Andrew Joseph; Ira D Papel; Theda C Kontis; Patrick J Byrne; Kofi D O Boahene; Lisa E Ishii Journal: JAMA Facial Plast Surg Date: 2018-01-01 Impact factor: 4.611