A survey of infection control practices for influenza in mother and newborn units in US hospitals.

The purpose of this study was to describe infection control practices for influenza in mother and newborn units in United States hospitals in the context of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. We conducted surveys of neonatal intensive care unit directors in February and November 2010 and requested information on infection control practices during the 2009 and 2010 influenza seasons. We received 111 responses to the initial survey and 48 to the follow-up survey. In 2009, 58% of respondents restricted breastfeeding by mothers with influenza-like illness; 42% did not. Ninety percent of the respondents maintained physical separation between an ill mother and her newborn infant, although the approaches to this separation varied. Eighty percent of postpartum units and 89% of neonatal intensive care units restricted access by children. In 2010, fewer hospitals restricted mother-infant contact and children visitation compared with 2009. Infection control practices for influenza in mother and newborn units vary considerably in US hospitals, particularly regarding contact between an ill mother and her newborn infant. The identification of this variation may inform best practices in this area, as well as future investigations and future guideline development.