Literature DB >> 21509214

Unmasking Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS): A report of five cases and review of the literature.

Abdullah Balkhair1, Sudheer Ahamed, Dilip Sankhla.   

Abstract

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndromes (IRIS) in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are characterised by atypical manifestations of opportunistic pathogens. These occur in patients experiencing improvement in CD4 cell counts following receipt of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Although well established as a syndrome, IRIS still presents challenges in diagnosis and management. We report five cases of IRIS with diverse clinical presentations and due to different infectious aetiologies. A review of the published literature on this syndrome is also included.

Entities:  

Keywords:  AIDS; Atypical mycobacterium; Case report; Cryptococcus; Cryptosporidium; HAART; HIV; IRIS; Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; Oman; TB; Toxoplasmosis

Year:  2011        PMID： 21509214      PMCID： PMC3074677     

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J        ISSN： 2075-051X


  22 in total

Review 1.  The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

Authors:  Samuel A Shelburne; Richard J Hamill
Journal:  AIDS Rev       Date:  2003 Apr-Jun       Impact factor: 2.500

2.  Decline in the AIDS and death rates in the EuroSIDA study: an observational study.

Authors:  A Mocroft; B Ledergerber; C Katlama; O Kirk; P Reiss; A d'Arminio Monforte; B Knysz; M Dietrich; A N Phillips; J D Lundgren
Journal:  Lancet       Date:  2003-07-05       Impact factor: 79.321

Review 3.  Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: report of four cases in three patients and review of the literature.

Authors:  Daniel J Skiest; L Jill Hester; R Doug Hardy
Journal:  J Infect       Date:  2005-12       Impact factor: 6.072

4.  Immune reconstitution cryptococcosis after initiation of successful highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Authors:  Elizabeth R Jenny-Avital; Maria Abadi
Journal:  Clin Infect Dis       Date:  2002-11-20       Impact factor: 9.079

Review 5.  Clinical indicators of immune restoration following highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Authors:  Elizabeth L Cooney
Journal:  Clin Infect Dis       Date:  2001-12-04       Impact factor: 9.079

6.  Immune restoration disease after the treatment of immunodeficient HIV-infected patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Authors:  M A French; N Lenzo; M John; S A Mallal; E J McKinnon; I R James; P Price; J P Flexman; M L Tay-Kearney
Journal:  HIV Med       Date:  2000-03       Impact factor: 3.180

7.  The role of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in AIDS-related Cryptococcus neoformans disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Authors:  Samuel A Shelburne; Jorge Darcourt; A Clinton White; Stephen B Greenberg; Richard J Hamill; Robert L Atmar; Fehmida Visnegarwala
Journal:  Clin Infect Dis       Date:  2005-03-01       Impact factor: 9.079

8.  Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators.

Authors:  F J Palella; K M Delaney; A C Moorman; M O Loveless; J Fuhrer; G A Satten; D J Aschman; S D Holmberg
Journal:  N Engl J Med       Date:  1998-03-26       Impact factor: 91.245

9.  Defining immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: evaluation of expert opinion versus 2 case definitions in a South African cohort.

Authors:  Lewis J Haddow; Philippa J Easterbrook; Anisa Mosam; Nonhlanhla G Khanyile; Raveen Parboosing; Pravikrishnen Moodley; Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa
Journal:  Clin Infect Dis       Date:  2009-11-01       Impact factor: 9.079

10.  Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an ethnically diverse HIV type 1-infected cohort.

Authors:  I Ratnam; C Chiu; N-B Kandala; P J Easterbrook
Journal:  Clin Infect Dis       Date:  2005-12-28       Impact factor: 9.079
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  4 in total

Review 1.  CNS-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the setting of HIV infection, part 2: discussion of neuro-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome with and without other pathogens.

Authors:  M J D Post; M M Thurnher; D B Clifford; A Nath; R G Gonzalez; R K Gupta; K K Post
Journal:  AJNR Am J Neuroradiol       Date:  2012-07-12       Impact factor: 3.825

2.  Understanding mechanisms underlying the pathology of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) by using animal models.

Authors:  Nupur Aggarwal; William Barclay; Mari L Shinohara
Journal:  Curr Clin Microbiol Rep       Date:  2018-06-22

Review 3.  Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients.

Authors:  Naomi F Walker; James Scriven; Graeme Meintjes; Robert J Wilkinson
Journal:  HIV AIDS (Auckl)       Date:  2015-02-12

Review 4.  Systemic Inflammation Associated with Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Persons Living with HIV.

Authors:  Caian L Vinhaes; Mariana Araujo-Pereira; Rafael Tibúrcio; Juan M Cubillos-Angulo; Fernanda O Demitto; Kevan M Akrami; Bruno B Andrade
Journal:  Life (Basel)       Date:  2021-01-18
  4 in total

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