Does hypertensive disorder of pregnancy predict offspring blood pressure at 21 years? Evidence from a birth cohort study.

Although few studies found that the offspring of women who experienced preeclampsia have higher blood pressure (BP) at childhood and adolescence, no study has observed whether this association exists for adult offspring. To examine whether maternal hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) predicts adult offspring BP. We followed a sub-sample of 2608 mother-offspring pairs for 21 years from an original cohort of 7223 singleton infants whose mothers gave birth in Brisbane, Australia between 1981 and 1983. HDP was defined as diastolic BP (DBP) over 90 mm Hg on at least two occasions beyond 20 weeks gestation associated with proteinuria and/or excessive fluid retention. Adult offspring's systolic BP (SBP) and DBP were measured at 21 years. Multivariable regressions were used to examine the independent associations of HDP with offspring BP. Unadjusted regression analysis showed that offspring of women who experienced HDP have 3.46 mm Hg greater SBP and 3.02 mm Hg greater DBP at 21 years. This association remained consistent after adjusting for potential confounding and mediating factors including offspring gender, age, percentile birth weight for gestation, placenta weight and body mass index (BMI) at 21 year, maternal age, education, racial origin, and smoking during pregnancy and their pre-pregnancy BMI. Findings of this study suggest that maternal HDP predicts adult offspring BP.