A clinician's guide to perioperative bridging for patients on oral anticoagulation.

Updates in recent clinical guidelines have led to a change in the management of perioperative anticoagulation for patients on oral anticoagulant therapy. No standardized bridging consensus exists in the literature. The necessity for bridging therapy is determined based on careful consideration of the thrombosis risk versus the bleeding risk of the procedure. Risk stratification will aid the decision to bridge or not to bridge. Patients are bridged with agents with appropriate kinetics to allow for their elimination prior to the time of the procedure in order to decrease the risk of hemorrhage during invasive procedures. This intent of this article is to discuss perioperative bridging therapy and provide a practical guide for the clinician.