BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: GRP75, a member of HSPs which is overexpressed in some resistant cancer cells, is a molecular chaperone mainly located in mitochondrial membrane. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of GRP75 on the resistant mechanisms of cancer cells by downregulating GRP75 expreesion via RNAi approach. METHODS: Cisplatin-resistant cell A549/CDDP was established from their parental human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 by combining gradually increasing concentrations of cisplatin with high dosage impact. The shRNA for GRP75 was transfected into A549 and A549/CDDP cells by lentivirus. Western blot and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay were applied to detect the influence of silencing GRP75 expression on sensitivity of the cells to cisplatin. RESULTS: The infection rate of six groups were all over 90%. After infection, the level of expression of GRP75 in both A549 and A549/CDDP were down-regulated (P < 0.05); the level of expression of p53 in A549/CDDP was up-regulated (P < 0.05) and the level of expression of bcl-2 of A549/CDDP was down-regulated (P < 0.05). The resistance index of A549/CDDP before and after infection were 21.52 and 4.14 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Cisplatin resistance of lung cancer cells is associated with overexpression of GRP75 gene, which could regulate the expressions of p53 and bcl-2.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:GRP75, a member of HSPs which is overexpressed in some resistant cancer cells, is a molecular chaperone mainly located in mitochondrial membrane. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of GRP75 on the resistant mechanisms of cancer cells by downregulating GRP75 expreesion via RNAi approach. METHODS:Cisplatin-resistant cell A549/CDDP was established from their parental humanlung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 by combining gradually increasing concentrations of cisplatin with high dosage impact. The shRNA for GRP75 was transfected into A549 and A549/CDDP cells by lentivirus. Western blot and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay were applied to detect the influence of silencing GRP75 expression on sensitivity of the cells to cisplatin. RESULTS: The infection rate of six groups were all over 90%. After infection, the level of expression of GRP75 in both A549 and A549/CDDP were down-regulated (P < 0.05); the level of expression of p53 in A549/CDDP was up-regulated (P < 0.05) and the level of expression of bcl-2 of A549/CDDP was down-regulated (P < 0.05). The resistance index of A549/CDDP before and after infection were 21.52 and 4.14 respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Cisplatin resistance of lung cancer cells is associated with overexpression of GRP75 gene, which could regulate the expressions of p53 and bcl-2.
人肺癌细胞系A549购自中国典型培养物保藏中心(China Center for Type Culture Collection, CCTCC),A549/CDDP细胞为前期研究中诱导建立[。主要试剂包括:HyQ RPMI-1640培养液(Sigma公司)、10%优级新生牛血清(Gibco公司)、GRP75 shRNA (h) Lentiviral Particles(Santa Cruz公司)、Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles(Santa Cruz公司)、Polybrene(Santa Cruz公司)、兔抗人GRP75多克隆抗体(Cell Signaling公司)、兔抗人bcl-2单克隆抗体(Cell Signaling公司)、兔抗人p53单克隆抗体(Cell Signaling公司)、兔抗人β-actin多克隆抗体(Cell Signaling公司)、胰蛋白酶(1:250,Gibco公司分装)、顺铂(CDDP,Sigma公司)、DMSO试剂级(Amresco公司)、噻唑蓝(MT,Ultra Pure Grade,Amresco公司)、碘化吡啶PI(Sigma公司)、Rnase(Sigma公司)、国产分析纯。主要仪器包括:SW-CJ-ZFD型双人单面超净工作台(苏州净化设备有限公司)、Forma Series Ⅱ Wcta Jacketed CO2 Incubator水套培养箱(Thermo Electron Corporation)、DK-S24型电热恒温水浴锅(上海精密实验设备有限公司)、高速离心机(日立公司)、荧光显微镜(奥林帕斯公司)、Touch Screen F039300酶标仪(Sunrise Remote)。
慢病毒载体转染48 h A549细胞和A549/CDDP细胞荧光图(×100)。A:A549/I;B:A549/C;C:CDDP/I;D:CDDP/C。左为明场,右为暗场。转染率为暗场中发绿色荧光的细胞数与明场中细胞总数的比值。可以观察到,各组的转染率均在90%以上。
Fluorography of A549 cells and A549/CDDP cells at 48 h after transfection (×100). A: A549/I; B: A549/C; C: CDDP/I; D: CDDP/C. Bright fields on the left and dark fields on the right. Transfection rate is calculated as ratio between green-fluorescent cell count in the dark field and cell count in the bright field. The transfection rates of 4 groups are all above 90%.
慢病毒载体转染48 h A549细胞和A549/CDDP细胞荧光图(×100)。A:A549/I;B:A549/C;C:CDDP/I;D:CDDP/C。左为明场,右为暗场。转染率为暗场中发绿色荧光的细胞数与明场中细胞总数的比值。可以观察到,各组的转染率均在90%以上。Fluorography of A549 cells and A549/CDDP cells at 48 h after transfection (×100). A: A549/I; B: A549/C; C: CDDP/I; D: CDDP/C. Bright fields on the left and dark fields on the right. Transfection rate is calculated as ratio between green-fluorescent cell count in the dark field and cell count in the bright field. The transfection rates of 4 groups are all above 90%.
Western blot检测各组细胞GRP75、p53以及bcl-2的表达。A:GRP75;B:p53;C:bcl-2;D:各组细胞GRP75、p53、bcl-2相对表达量。
Western blot assay of GRP75, p53 and bcl-2. A: GRP75; B: p53; C: bcl-2; D: Relative quantitative of GRP75, p53, bcl-2 in six groups of cells. 1: A549; 2: A549/I; 3: A549/C; 4: A549/CDDP; 5: CDDP/I; 6: CDDP/C.
Western blot检测各组细胞GRP75、p53以及bcl-2的表达。A:GRP75;B:p53;C:bcl-2;D:各组细胞GRP75、p53、bcl-2相对表达量。Western blot assay of GRP75, p53 and bcl-2. A: GRP75; B: p53; C: bcl-2; D: Relative quantitative of GRP75, p53, bcl-2 in six groups of cells. 1: A549; 2: A549/I; 3: A549/C; 4: A549/CDDP; 5: CDDP/I; 6: CDDP/C.
转染后各组细胞对顺铂敏感性
图 3显示的是不同浓度的顺铂作用48 h后,A549细胞、A549/I细胞、A549/C细胞、A549/CDDP细胞、CDDP/I细胞、CDDP/C细胞生长受到抑制的情况。在细胞存活率方面,相同浓度顺铂下,A549/I vs A549、CDDP/I vs A549/CDDP均下降(P < 0.05),CDDP/I的下降幅度大于A549/I(P < 0.05);而A549/C vs A549、CDDP/C vs A549/CDDP的存活率则无明显差异(P > 0.05)。表 1显示经过MTT检验计算后的各组细胞对顺铂的IC50和耐药指数。结果显示,在IC50方面,A549/I vs A549、CDDP/I vs A549/CDDP下降(P < 0.05),但CDDP/I的IC 50仍然高于A549,而A549/C vs A549、CDDP/C vs A549/CDDP则无明显差异(P > 0.05)。在耐药指数方面,A549/I vs A549、CDDP/I vs A549/CDDP下降(P < 0.05),但CDDP/I的耐药指数仍然高于A549,而A549/C vs A549、CDDP/C vs A549/CDDP则无明显差异(P > 0.05)。
3
不同浓度顺铂作用48 h各组细胞存活率
48 h vital rate of 6 groups of cell in different concentrations of cisplatin
1
各组细胞对顺铂IC50及耐药指数
IC50 and RI of six groups of cells to cisplatin
Cell
IC50 (μg/mL)
Resistance index
A549
0.072±0.008
1.00
A549/I
0.036±0.008
0.5
A549/C
0.07±0.010
0.97
A549/CDDP
1.55±0.034
21.52
CDDP/I
0.298±0.029
4.14
CDDP/C
1.52±0.037
21.11
不同浓度顺铂作用48 h各组细胞存活率48 h vital rate of 6 groups of cell in different concentrations of cisplatin各组细胞对顺铂IC50及耐药指数IC50 and RI of six groups of cells to cisplatin
Authors: Jerry E Chipuk; Tomomi Kuwana; Lisa Bouchier-Hayes; Nathalie M Droin; Donald D Newmeyer; Martin Schuler; Douglas R Green Journal: Science Date: 2004-02-13 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: Laura V July; Eliana Beraldi; Alan So; Ladan Fazli; Kenneth Evans; John C English; Martin E Gleave Journal: Mol Cancer Ther Date: 2004-03 Impact factor: 6.261