Recurrent atrial fibrillation in a patient with ulcerative colitis treated with azathioprine: case report and review of the literature.

We present a clinical case report regarding recurrent atrial fibrillation in a patient with ulcerative colitis treated with azathioprine. Atrial fibrillation represents the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, occurring in 1-2% of the general population and characterized by seemingly disorganized atrial depolarizations without effective atrial contraction. Several mechanisms determine this arrhythmia; in particular remodelling (structural, mechanical and electrical alteration related to atrial fibrillation). The pro-arrhythmic effect of azathioprine may be evaluated during immunosuppressive therapy to be aware of this serious but reversible adverse effect.