Frequency of removal reasons of sows in Southeastern Mexico.

The aim of this study was to describe the reasons for removal in three pig farms under the tropical conditions of Mexico. Data were obtained from the records from 2003 to 2009, including a total of 7,236 commercial culled sows. Farms 1 and 3 were full-cycle farms with 3,500 and 550 sows. Farm 2 was a two-cycle farm with 450 sows. The specific reasons for removal were grouped into six general categories. The descriptive statistics of the reasons for removal were obtained using cross tabulation tables. Chi-square was used to test between farm differences. Reproductive reasons accounted for the largest proportion of all removals (26.9%) of which anestrous and repeated estrous contributed with 34.2% and 20.8%, respectively. Locomotor problems were responsible for 15.5% of all removals, of which lameness was the main concern (56.3%) followed by "sow downer" syndrome (23.9%). Low production accounted for 12.8% of all removals of which 62.2% were due to small litter sizes and 37.8% due to disgalactia. Diseases were responsible for 13.0% of all removals of which respiratory problems was the most important (73.6%). Age as a cause of removal comprised 24.1% and the category "miscellaneous" 7.7% of all removals. Poor body condition and death reasons represented 2.6% and 1.6%, respectively. Differences between removal reasons were found between farms.