An adaptive P300 brain-computer interface (BCI) using a 12 × 7 matrix explored new paradigms to improve bit rate and accuracy. During online use, the system adaptively selects the number of flashes to average. Five different flash patterns were tested. The 19-flash paradigm represents the typical row/column presentation (i.e. 12 columns and 7 rows). The 9- and 14-flash A and B paradigms present all items of the 12 × 7 matrix three times using either 9 or 14 flashes (instead of 19), decreasing the amount of time to present stimuli. Compared to 9-flash A, 9-flash B decreased the likelihood that neighboring items would flash when the target was not flashing, thereby reducing the interference from items adjacent to targets. 14-flash A also reduced the adjacent item interference and 14-flash B additionally eliminated successive (double) flashes of the same item. Results showed that the accuracy and bit rate of the adaptive system were higher than those of the non-adaptive system. In addition, 9- and 14-flash B produced significantly higher performance than their respective A conditions. The results also show the trend that the 14-flash B paradigm was better than the 19-flash pattern for naive users.
An adaptive panclass="Gene">P300 brain-computer interface (BCI) using a 12 × 7 matrix explored new class="Chemical">paradigms to improve bit rate and accuracy. During online use, the system adaptively selects the number of flashes to average. Five different flash class="Chemical">patterns were tested. The 19-flash class="Chemical">paradigm represents the typclass="Chemical">pan class="Chemical">ical row/column presentation (i.e. 12 columns and 7 rows). The 9- and 14-flash A and B paradigms present all items of the 12 × 7 matrix three times using either 9 or 14 flashes (instead of 19), decreasing the amount of time to present stimuli. Compared to 9-flash A, 9-flash B decreased the likelihood that neighboring items would flash when the target was not flashing, thereby reducing the interference from items adjacent to targets. 14-flash A also reduced the adjacent item interference and 14-flash B additionally eliminated successive (double) flashes of the same item. Results showed that the accuracy and bit rate of the adaptive system were higher than those of the non-adaptive system. In addition, 9- and 14-flash B produced significantly higher performance than their respective A conditions. The results also show the trend that the 14-flash B paradigm was better than the 19-flash pattern for naive users.
Authors: Gert Pfurtscheller; Gernot R Müller; Jörg Pfurtscheller; Hans Jürgen Gerner; Rüdiger Rupp Journal: Neurosci Lett Date: 2003-11-06 Impact factor: 3.046
Authors: B O Mainsah; L M Collins; K A Colwell; E W Sellers; D B Ryan; K Caves; C S Throckmorton Journal: J Neural Eng Date: 2015-01-14 Impact factor: 5.379
Authors: Chandra S Throckmorton; Kenneth A Colwell; David B Ryan; Eric W Sellers; Leslie M Collins Journal: IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng Date: 2013-03-21 Impact factor: 3.802