BACKGROUND: Despite improved understanding of atherothrombosis pathophysiology, risk factors associated with premature coronary artery disease (CAD) in women are poorly recognized. DESIGN AND METHODS: A single-centre, case-control study comprised 323 women (less than 55 years) with established CAD, enrolled between April 2005 and January 2008, and 347 age-matched healthy women selected from the Multi-Center All-Polish Health Survey. We aimed to assess the relationship of menopause and premature CAD. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis smoking, parental history of premature CVD, diabetes, menopause and hypertension were the strongest risk markers for premature CAD with ORs (95% CI): 3.83 (2.52-5.82); 3.08 (1.85-5.14); 2.89 (1.59-5.23); 2.82 (1.91-4.19); 2.39 (1.16-3.54). The most significant association was found for early postmenopause in a model including the early and late stage of postmenopause (≤ and >3 years of its onset), with OR 4.55 (95% CI 2.82-7.35), higher than other risk factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves area revealed a significant increase from 0.81 in that model that included traditional risk factors and parental premature CVD to 0.85 after addition of the early and late stage of postmenopause. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that smoking and early postmenopausal stage (≤3 years) are the most important determinants of premature CAD followed by parental CVD, diabetes and hypertension.
BACKGROUND: Despite improved understanding of atherothrombosis pathophysiology, risk factors associated with premature coronary artery disease (CAD) in women are poorly recognized. DESIGN AND METHODS: A single-centre, case-control study comprised 323 women (less than 55 years) with established CAD, enrolled between April 2005 and January 2008, and 347 age-matched healthy women selected from the Multi-Center All-Polish Health Survey. We aimed to assess the relationship of menopause and premature CAD. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis smoking, parental history of premature CVD, diabetes, menopause and hypertension were the strongest risk markers for premature CAD with ORs (95% CI): 3.83 (2.52-5.82); 3.08 (1.85-5.14); 2.89 (1.59-5.23); 2.82 (1.91-4.19); 2.39 (1.16-3.54). The most significant association was found for early postmenopause in a model including the early and late stage of postmenopause (≤ and >3 years of its onset), with OR 4.55 (95% CI 2.82-7.35), higher than other risk factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves area revealed a significant increase from 0.81 in that model that included traditional risk factors and parental premature CVD to 0.85 after addition of the early and late stage of postmenopause. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that smoking and early postmenopausal stage (≤3 years) are the most important determinants of premature CAD followed by parental CVD, diabetes and hypertension.
Authors: John Henry Dasinger; Suttira Intapad; Benjamin R Rudsenske; Gwendolyn K Davis; Ashley D Newsome; Barbara T Alexander Journal: Hypertension Date: 2016-04-25 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: Ellen J Hoekman; Dan Knoester; Alexander A W Peters; Frank W Jansen; Cornelis D de Kroon; Carina G J M Hilders Journal: Arch Gynecol Obstet Date: 2018-09-14 Impact factor: 2.344