BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy improved the survival of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. With increased life expectancy, HIV-infected patients increasingly are experiencing comorbidities, most notably cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) and coronary heart disease (CHD). DESIGN: This study utilized a prospective, cross-sectional multicentre long-term design. METHODS: In 803 patients (82% male; mean age 44.2 ± 10.3 years) we evaluated the prevalence of CRFs and 10-year risk of CHD using the Framingham risk model. The presence of a risk factor was determined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP III), the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7), and the German Society of Cardiology. RESULTS: The most common CRFs were smoking (51.2%), high triglycerides (39.0%), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (27.5 %) and high blood pressure (21.4%). In total, 60.3%, 21.6%, and 18.1% of patients were categorized as being at low (<10%), moderate (10-20%), and high (>20%) 10-year risk for CHD, respectively. In patients with hypertension, at least one antihypertensive drug was given in 91/163 (55.8%) patients. The percentage of patients on treatment with diabetes mellitus was 23/41 (56.1%). Anti-platelet therapy was prescribed to 42/102 (41.2%) patients with known CHD or CHD equivalent. In patients of moderate or high CHD risk there were more than 50% and 30% for LDL cholesterol and more than 60% and 40% for total cholesterol untreated. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CRFs remains high in an HIV-infected population. CRF management of HIV-infected patients deserves further improvement.
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy improved the survival of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. With increased life expectancy, HIV-infectedpatients increasingly are experiencing comorbidities, most notably cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) and coronary heart disease (CHD). DESIGN: This study utilized a prospective, cross-sectional multicentre long-term design. METHODS: In 803 patients (82% male; mean age 44.2 ± 10.3 years) we evaluated the prevalence of CRFs and 10-year risk of CHD using the Framingham risk model. The presence of a risk factor was determined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP III), the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7), and the German Society of Cardiology. RESULTS: The most common CRFs were smoking (51.2%), high triglycerides (39.0%), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (27.5 %) and high blood pressure (21.4%). In total, 60.3%, 21.6%, and 18.1% of patients were categorized as being at low (<10%), moderate (10-20%), and high (>20%) 10-year risk for CHD, respectively. In patients with hypertension, at least one antihypertensive drug was given in 91/163 (55.8%) patients. The percentage of patients on treatment with diabetes mellitus was 23/41 (56.1%). Anti-platelet therapy was prescribed to 42/102 (41.2%) patients with known CHD or CHD equivalent. In patients of moderate or high CHD risk there were more than 50% and 30% for LDL cholesterol and more than 60% and 40% for total cholesterol untreated. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CRFs remains high in an HIV-infected population. CRF management of HIV-infectedpatients deserves further improvement.
Authors: Anne K Monroe; Wei Fu; Michelle N Zikusoka; Lisa P Jacobson; Mallory D Witt; Frank J Palella; Lawrence A Kingsley; Wendy S Post; Todd T Brown Journal: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses Date: 2015-03-09 Impact factor: 2.205
Authors: Julia E H Nolte; Till Neumann; Jennifer M Manne; Janet Lo; Anja Neumann; Sarah Mostardt; Suhny Abbara; Udo Hoffmann; Thomas J Brady; Juergen Wasem; Steven K Grinspoon; G Scott Gazelle; Alexander Goehler Journal: Eur J Prev Cardiol Date: 2013-03-28 Impact factor: 7.804
Authors: Greer A Burkholder; Ashutosh R Tamhane; Lauren E Appell; James H Willig; Michael S Saag; James L Raper; Andrew O Westfall; Michael J Mugavero Journal: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses Date: 2015-01-06 Impact factor: 2.205
Authors: Greer A Burkholder; Ashutosh R Tamhane; Jorge L Salinas; Michael J Mugavero; James L Raper; Andrew O Westfall; Michael S Saag; James H Willig Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2012-08-31 Impact factor: 9.079