Interplay between FOXO, TOR, and Akt.

FOXO transcription factors have emerged as rheostats that coordinate the activities of Akt and targets of rapamycin complexes (TORCs). This review summarizes the regulatory circuits mediated by the activation of FOXO, which in turn modulate Akt and TORCs activities. The biological significance of these regulatory circuits is discussed in this article. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: P13K-AKT-FoxO axis in cancer and aging. 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.