[Infections with non-tuberculous mycobacteria in HIV-infected patients].

Disseminated infections with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a life-threatening AIDS-defining illness. Localized infections include pulmonary and extra-pulmonary disease as well as the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Furthermore cutaneous and subcutaneous manifestations of systemic NTM-Infections have been reported. Skin infections without involvement of other anatomical regions are predominantly caused by M. marinum and M. ulcerans. No association with HIV is proven for these two species. This article summarizes the diseases caused by this heterogeneous group of bacteria. The focus is on disseminated disease, dermatological manifestations and extra-pulmonary localized infections. Diagnostic challenges, therapeutic strategies and prognosis of NTM-infections are discussed.